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Case Reports
. 2025 Mar;30(10):2500131.
doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.10.2500131.

Case series of the first five human infections with monkeypox virus clade Ib and report on the public health response, United Kingdom, October to November 2024

Muhammad Ibaad Alvi  1 , Merav Kliner  1 , William Welfare  1 , N Claire Gordon  1 , Sherine Thomas  1 , Simon Padfield  1 , Hannah E Emmett  1 , Ellen Heinsbroek  1 , Gareth J Hughes  1 , Natalie Groves  1 , Eileen Gallagher  1 , Steven Pullan  1 , Amy Belfield  1 , Catherine F Houlihan  1   2   3 , Tommy Rampling  1   2   4   3 , Geraldine O'Hara  1   5 , Anne Tunbridge  6 , Jake Dunning  7 , Elizabeth Whittaker  8 , Alejandra Alonso  9 , Mike Beadsworth  10 , Brendan Ai Payne  11 , Meera Chand  1 , Susan Hopkins  1 , Gillian Armstrong  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Case series of the first five human infections with monkeypox virus clade Ib and report on the public health response, United Kingdom, October to November 2024

Muhammad Ibaad Alvi et al. Euro Surveill. 2025 Mar.

Abstract

We report two importations of monkeypox virus clade Ib infection to the United Kingdom in 2024. The first was a traveller returning from Tanzania, Rwanda and Uganda, the second from Uganda. Both presented with fever and typical skin lesions; 147 contacts were followed up, 19 vaccinated with MVA-BN. Three household contacts of the first individual, including two children, became infected. These are the first reported autochthonous transmissions of clade Ib in Europe, and first paediatric cases outside the African continent.

Keywords: clade Ib; contact tracing; monkeypox virus; mpox; orthopox.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Timeline of symptoms and management the first four mpox cases with clade 1b infection, United Kingdom, October–November 2024
Figure 2
Figure 2
Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of sequences from mpox Cases 1 and 5, United Kingdom, and publicly available clade Ib sequences available up to 5 December 2024 (n = 150)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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