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. 2025 Feb 15;17(2):1097-1105.
doi: 10.62347/LXZT1726. eCollection 2025.

Association between SMAD3 and SMAD7 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to stress urinary incontinence in Chinese women

Wenpu Chen  1 , Xingqiong Wang  2 , Chengshuai Yu  1 , Guofeng Yu  1
Affiliations

Association between SMAD3 and SMAD7 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to stress urinary incontinence in Chinese women

Wenpu Chen et al. Am J Transl Res. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SMAD3 and SMAD7 genes and the genetic risk of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in Chinese women.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 117 women diagnosed with SUI and 103 healthy controls. SNPs in SMAD3 (rs28683050, rs12901499) and SMAD7 (rs12953717, rs4939827) were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Allele and genotype frequencies were assessed using the SHEsis online platform. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data were collected retrospectively. SUI patients underwent pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), and treatment outcomes were evaluated after 3 months.

Results: The G allele and GG genotype of rs12901499 in SMAD3 were significantly more common in the SUI case group (p_allele < 0.001, p_genotype = 0.002). Similarly, the T allele and TT genotype at rs12953717 in SMAD7 were more frequent in the SUI case group (p_allele = 0.002, p_genotype = 0.007). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that body mass index (BMI), family history, and the rs12901499 and rs12953717 polymorphisms were significant risk factors for SUI (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the TT genotype at rs12953717 was associated with poorer PFMT treatment outcomes.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the rs12901499 and rs12953717 polymorphisms are potential risk factors for SUI in women. Additionally, the rs12953717 polymorphism may influence the effectiveness of PFMT in SUI treatment.

Keywords: SMAD3; SMAD7; Stress urinary incontinence; pelvic floor muscle training; single nucleotide polymorphisms.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of genotypes and alleles in control and SUI groups. A. Genotype (P = 0.614) and allele (P = 0.297) distribution of rs28683050. B. Genotype (P = 0.002) and allele (P < 0.001) distribution of rs12901499. C. Genotype (P = 0.007) and allele (P = 0.002) distribution of rs12953717. D. Genotype (P = 0.431) and allele (P = 0.329) distribution of rs4939827. After Bonferroni’s correction, P < 0.0125 was considered statistically significant. SUI, stress urinary incontinence; SMAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of genotypes in the effective and ineffective group. A. Genotype (P = 0.856) distribution of rs28683050. B. Genotype (P = 0.791) distribution of rs12901499. C. Genotype (P < 0.001) distribution of rs12953717. D. Genotype (P = 0.141) distribution of rs4939827. SMAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog.
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