The clinical relevance of grip strength: A narrative exploration

Abstract

Hand grip strength (HGS) is a well-established measure of musculoskeletal function and integrity of the upper limb. Traditionally used in rehabilitation, its utility extends too many clinical conditions in primary care practice. Therefore, it is of interest to explore the diverse applications of HGS in medical practice. In osteoporosis, HGS predicts bone density and risk of fracture. In osteoarthritis, it serves as a benchmark for functional impairment. As a nutritional marker, HGS reflects malnutrition and predicts postoperative outcomes. In metabolic syndrome and chronic diseases, HGS relates to conditions like diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular risk. Further, additional values of HGS are in the oncology field in evaluating nutritional status and survival in patients with cancer. Its relevance in kidney diseases and conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome further supports its broad clinical utility. Particularly, it has highlighted the potential which HGS may possess as simple yet effective means for evaluating health and guiding interventions across diverse clinical scenarios.

Keywords: Hand Grip Strength (HGS); diabetes; isometric strength; metabolic syndrome; rehabilitation; upper limb.