A Closer Look at Dystonia with the Glycosylation
- PMID: 40102359
- PMCID: PMC11920444
- DOI: 10.1007/s10571-025-01541-5
A Closer Look at Dystonia with the Glycosylation
Abstract
Glycosylation, Cellular Stress, and Immunity in Dystonia Pathogenesis. Glycosylation, cellular stress (eIF2α activation), and immune dysfunction converge to disrupt neuronal function and contribute to the pathogenesis of dystonia. Defective glycosylation can lead to oxidative stress, cellular apoptosis, and immune dysfunction, just as oxidative stress, cellular apoptosis, and immune dysfunction can lead to defective glycosylation. These processes, including ER stress and autophagy, interact with glycosylation and immune responses, leading to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this neurodevelopmental disorder.
Conflict of interest statement
Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors have not disclosed any competing interests.
Figures

Similar articles
-
Galactose in human metabolism, glycosylation and congenital metabolic diseases: Time for a closer look.Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2021 Aug;1865(8):129898. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129898. Epub 2021 Apr 18. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2021. PMID: 33878388 Review.
-
Dopa-responsive dystonia, DRD-plus and DRD look-alike: a pragmatic review.Acta Neurol Belg. 2021 Jun;121(3):613-623. doi: 10.1007/s13760-020-01574-1. Epub 2021 Jan 16. Acta Neurol Belg. 2021. PMID: 33453040 Review.
-
Printor, a novel torsinA-interacting protein implicated in dystonia pathogenesis.J Biol Chem. 2009 Aug 7;284(32):21765-75. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.004838. Epub 2009 Jun 17. J Biol Chem. 2009. PMID: 19535332 Free PMC article.
-
Physiology of dystonia: Human studies.Int Rev Neurobiol. 2023;169:137-162. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.05.007. Epub 2023 May 26. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2023. PMID: 37482391
-
The Pathophysiology of Dystonic Tremors and Comparison With Essential Tremor.J Neurosci. 2020 Nov 25;40(48):9317-9326. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1181-20.2020. Epub 2020 Oct 23. J Neurosci. 2020. PMID: 33097635 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Beauvais G, Rodriguez-Losada N, Ying L, Zakirova Z, Watson JL, Readhead B, Gadue P, French DL, Ehrlich ME, Gonzalez-Alegre P (2018) Exploring the interaction between eIF2α dysregulation, acute endoplasmic reticulum stress and DYT1 dystonia in the mammalian brain. Neuroscience 10(371):455–468. 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.033 - PubMed
-
- Foulquier F, Legrand D (2020) Biometals and glycosylation in humans: congenital disorders of glycosylation shed light into the crucial role of Golgi manganese homeostasis. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA)—General Subjects 1864:129674. 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129674 - PubMed
-
- Jia J, Claude-Taupin A, Gu Y, Choi SW, Peters R, Bissa B, Mudd MH, Allers L, Pallikkuth S, Lidke KA, Salemi M, Phinney B, Mari M, Reggiori F, Deretic V (2020) Galectin-3 coordinates a cellular system for lysosomal repair and removal. Dev Cell 52(1):69-87.e8. 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.10.025 - PMC - PubMed
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources