Gonococcal Conjunctivitis in Prepubertal Children

Abstract

Conjunctivitis due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae is uncommon in prepubescent children. When identified in this age group, it is highly concerning for sexual contact and warrants further evaluation. This report examines 6 cases of gonococcal conjunctivitis in prepubertal children and provides updated guidance on extragenital testing for sexually transmitted infections in this population. We retrospectively reviewed cases of gonococcal conjunctivitis in prepubertal children at our institution from 2007-2022. Neonates and adolescents with this condition were excluded as were cases in which confirmatory testing was not completed. Six prepubertal children had confirmed gonococcal conjunctivitis due to N. gonorrhoeae from 2007-2022. Ages ranged from 8 months to 8 years. Fifty percent of cases had sexually transmitted infections at additional anatomical sites. Although rare, gonococcal conjunctivitis due to N. gonorrhoeae in prepubertal children should prompt further comprehensive sexually transmitted infection testing and medical evaluation. Protective agency reporting is also advised.

Keywords: child abuse; childhood maltreatment; childhood sexual abuse; sexual abuse; sexual assault; sexually transmitted infection.