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. 2025 Mar 15;27(3):359-365.
doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2409011.

[Mediating effect of sleep duration between depression symptoms and myopia in middle school students]

[Article in Chinese]
Wei DU  1 , Xu-Xiang Yang  1 , Ru-Shuang Zeng  1 , Chun-Yao Zhao  1 , Zhi-Peng Xiang  1 , Yuan-Chun Li  1 , Jie-Song Wang  1 , Xiao-Hong Su  1 , Xiao Lu  1 , Yu Li  1 , Jing Wen, Dang Han, Qun DU, Jia He  1
Affiliations

[Mediating effect of sleep duration between depression symptoms and myopia in middle school students]

[Article in Chinese]
Wei DU et al. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. .

Abstract
in English, Chinese

Objectives: To explore the mediating role of sleep duration in the relationship between depression symptoms and myopia among middle school students.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional research conducted using a stratified cluster random sampling method. A total of 1 728 middle school students were selected from two junior high schools and two senior high schools in certain urban areas and farms of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. Questionnaire surveys and vision tests were conducted among the students. Spearman analysis was used to analyze the correlation between depression symptoms, sleep duration, and myopia. The Bootstrap method was employed to investigate the mediating effect of sleep duration between depression symptoms and myopia.

Results: The prevalence of myopia in the overall population was 74.02% (1 279/1 728), with an average sleep duration of (7.6±1.0) hours. The rate of insufficient sleep was 83.62% (1 445/1 728), and the proportion of students exhibiting depression symptoms was 25.29% (437/1 728). Correlation analysis showed significant negative correlations between visual acuity in both eyes and sleep duration with depressive emotions as measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (with correlation coefficients of -0.064, -0.084, and -0.199 respectively; P<0.01), as well as with somatic symptoms and activities (with correlation coefficients of -0.104, -0.124, and -0.233 respectively; P<0.01) and interpersonal relationships (with correlation coefficients of -0.052, -0.059, and -0.071 respectively; P<0.05). The correlation coefficients for left and right eye visual acuity and sleep duration were 0.206 and 0.211 respectively (P<0.001). Sleep duration exhibited a mediating effect between depression symptoms and myopia (indirect effect=0.056, 95%CI: 0.029-0.088), with the mediating effect value for females (indirect effect=0.066, 95%CI: 0.024-0.119) being higher than that for males (indirect effect=0.042, 95%CI: 0.011-0.081).

Conclusions: Sleep duration serves as a partial mediator between depression symptoms and myopia in middle school students.

目的: 探讨中学生睡眠时长在抑郁症状与近视之间的中介作用。方法: 该研究为横断面研究，采用分层整群随机抽样方法从新疆生产建设兵团某师部分城区和团场抽取2所初中和2所高中共1 728名中学生，开展问卷调查和视力检查，使用Spearman秩相关法进行抑郁症状、睡眠时长与近视的相关性分析；使用Bootstrap法探讨睡眠时长在抑郁症状与近视之间的中介效应。结果: 总人群近视患病率为74.02%（1 279/1 728），平均睡眠时长为（7.6±1.0）h，睡眠不足率达到83.62%（1 445/1 728），抑郁症状占比25.29%（437/1 728）。相关性分析显示，左、右眼视力和睡眠时长与流调用抑郁自评量表中的抑郁情绪（rs分别为-0.064、-0.084、-0.199，均P<0.01）、躯体症状与活动（rs分别为-0.104、-0.124、-0.233，均P<0.01）及人际（rs分别为-0.052、-0.059、-0.071，均P<0.05）间均呈现显著负相关关系；左、右眼视力与睡眠时长相关系数分别为0.206、0.211（均P<0.01）。睡眠时长在抑郁症状与近视之间具有中介效应（间接效应=0.056，95%CI：0.029~0.088），女生中介效应值（间接效应=0.066，95%CI：0.024~0.119）高于男生（间接效应=0.042，95%CI：0.011~0.081）。结论: 中学生睡眠时长在抑郁症状与近视之间起不完全中介作用。.

Keywords: Depression symptom; Mediating effect; Middle school student; Myopia; Sleep duration.

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Conflict of interest statement

所有作者声明无利益冲突。

Figures

图1
图1. 抑郁症状与近视的关系中睡眠时长的中介效应模型 a为抑郁症状对睡眠时长的效应；b是在控制了抑郁症状的影响后，睡眠时长对近视的效应；c为抑郁症状对近视的效应；c’是在控制了睡眠时长的影响后，抑郁症状对近视的效应。
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