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. 2025 Apr;4(4):101656.
doi: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.101656. Epub 2025 Mar 19.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Insertable Cardiac Monitors on Device Clinic Workflow and Resource Utilization

Aashish Katapadi  1 , Nikhila Chelikam  1 , Sarah Rosemas  2 , Lucas Higuera  2 , Ilyas Colombowala  3 , Shanti Bansal  4 , Douglas Darden  1 , Naga Venkata K Pothenini  1 , Scott Koerber  1 , Rangarao Tummala  1 , Peter Park  1 , Rakesh Gopinathannair  1 , Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy  1 , Rajesh Kabra  5
Affiliations

Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Insertable Cardiac Monitors on Device Clinic Workflow and Resource Utilization

Aashish Katapadi et al. JACC Adv. 2025 Apr.

Abstract

Background: Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are essential for managing arrhythmias but often generate large numbers of transmissions and false alerts. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) as part of the ICM workflow can reduce this burden. However, its impact on clinic workflow and resource utilization must be better understood.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of AI-enhanced ICMs on clinic workflow and resource utilization.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using real-world, deidentified ICM remote monitoring data from Octagos Health, which included 140 U.S. device clinics between July 2022 and April 2024. Nonactionable alerts (NAAs) were defined as false or repetitive alerts transmitted on the remote monitoring platforms but dismissed by device technicians and not forwarded to clinicians for review. We compared NAAs generated by AI-enhanced vs non-AI-enhanced ICMs and estimated associated staffing hours, resources, and costs extrapolated for a clinic managing 600 ICM patients.

Results: Among 19,320 patients (mean age: 69 ± 13.5 years; 47.3% male), 68% had non-AI-enhanced ICMs, and 32% had AI-enhanced ICMs. The mean annual NAA volume per 600-ICM clinic was 5,078 for non-AI-enhanced ICMs and 2,110 for AI-enhanced ICMs, resulting in 559 fewer staffing hours (956 vs 397 hours; 95% CI: 513-605 hours; P value < 0.001) and $29,470 in annual savings ($20,929 vs $50,399; 95% CI: $27,035-$31,904; P value < 0.001).

Conclusions: Compared to non-AI-enhanced ICMs, AI-enhanced ICMs significantly reduce NAAs, leading to a projected decrease in clinic workload and associated costs, potentially improving workflow and health care efficiency.

Keywords: AI; artificial intelligence; cardiac arrhythmias; health economics; insertable cardiac monitors; remote monitoring.

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Conflict of interest statement

Funding support and author disclosures The open access fee was funded by Medtronic. Drs Colombowala and Bansal are shareholders of Octagos Health. Dr Pothineni is a consultant for Medtronic and Biosense Webster. Dr Gopinathannair is a consultant for Boston Scientific. Dr Lakkireddy is a consultant for Abbott Vascular, Biotronik, BioSense Webster, Medtronic, Boston Scientific, Atricure, Acutus, and Northeast Scientific. Dr Kabra is a consultant for Volta Medical. Ms Rosemas and Mr Higuera are employees and shareholders of Medtronic. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Figures

None
Graphical abstract
Figure 1
Figure 1
Annualized Workload and Staffing Cost The projected workload and staffing costs were associated with a 58.5% reduction in ICM NAA volume per 600-ICM clinic over 12 months. AI = artificial intelligence; ICM = insertable cardiac monitor; NAA = nonactionable alert.
Central Illustration
Central Illustration
Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Insertable Cardiac Monitors Improve Workflow and Health Care Efficiency We extrapolated data from 6,109 AI-enhanced implantable cardiac monitors out of 19,320 patients and 140 device clinics to a 600-device clinic. This revealed an improvement of 559 hours and $29,470 in clinic staffing time and cost. AI = artificial intelligence; ICM = insertable cardiac monitor; NAA = nonactionable alert.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Long-Term Workload and Staffing Cost The projected workload and staffing costs were also associated with reduced NAA volume per 600-ICM clinic over 21 months. AI = artificial intelligence; ICM = insertable cardiac monitor; NAA = nonactionable alert.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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