Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Mar 22;15(3):e089466.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089466.

Knowledge, awareness and perception of Natural Procreative Technology (NaProTechnology) among pharmacy undergraduate students in Nigeria: a pre-post educational video intervention study

Adaobi Uchenna Mosanya  1 , Eziamaka Pauline Ezenkwele  2 , Fausta Chioma Emegoakor  2 , Mmaduabuchi Okeh  3 , Abdulmuminu Isah  3
Affiliations

Knowledge, awareness and perception of Natural Procreative Technology (NaProTechnology) among pharmacy undergraduate students in Nigeria: a pre-post educational video intervention study

Adaobi Uchenna Mosanya et al. BMJ Open. .

Abstract

Objective: The study assessed the knowledge, awareness and perception of NaProTechnology as well as the effect of an educational video intervention among pharmacy undergraduate students.

Design: The study design was a pre-post educational video intervention using a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey.

Participants and setting: The study was done among undergraduate students of a school of pharmacy in South-eastern Nigeria.

Intervention and outcome measures: At baseline, the knowledge, awareness and perception of the students were assessed using a 17-item questionnaire: five questions for knowledge, five questions for awareness and seven questions for perception, followed by the administration of an educational video on NaProTechnology which was prepared by one of the authors, a gynaecologist and also an expert in NaProTechnology. A post-intervention survey was done with the same pre-intervention questionnaire to assess the effect of the educational intervention. The correct (knowledge) or positive (awareness and perception) responses for each question were reported as percentages.

Results: There were 410 and 350 students in the pre- and post-intervention surveys, respectively, with a relatively equal number of males and females. The majority were between 18 and 29 years old. The average proportion of the participants with correct responses on the knowledge assessment of NaProTechnology was 13.2% and 75.7% in the pre- and post-intervention surveys, respectively (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: An educational video intervention was effective in improving the short-term knowledge, awareness and positive perception of NaProTechnology among pharmacy students.

Keywords: Cross-Sectional Studies; Education, Medical; Interprofessional Relations; Pharmacists; Reproductive medicine; Surveys and Questionnaires.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

References

    1. Tham E, Schliep K, Stanford J. Natural procreative technology for infertility and recurrent miscarriage: outcomes in a Canadian family practice. Can Fam Physician . 2012;58:e267–74. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Stanford JB, Parnell TA, Boyle PC. Outcomes from treatment of infertility with natural procreative technology in an Irish general practice. J Am Board Fam Med. 2008;21:375–84. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2008.05.070239. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Hilgers TW. The medical & surgical practice of NaProTECHNOLOGY. Pope Paul VI Institute Press; 2004.
    1. Fehring RJ. Accuracy of the peak day of cervical mucus as a biological marker of fertility. Contraception. 2002;66:231–5. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(02)00355-4. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Vaquero JF, Marcos H, Mena MV, et al. How to face infertility from a medical perspective, respecting the human person and married love? NaProTechnology‘s help in these processes. Medicina y Ética. 2023;34:194–241. doi: 10.36105/mye.2023v34n1.05. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources