[Quadriceps Tendon and Patellar Tendon Rupture]

Abstract

The vascularity of the quadriceps tendon influences the risk of tendon rupture. Quadriceps and patellar tendon ruptures are rare but serious injuries, with an incidence of 1.37/100000 and 0.68/100000, respectively. Risk factors include age, degeneration, and systemic diseases such as kidney disease and rheumatoid arthritis. While quadriceps tendon ruptures predominantly affect people over 50, patellar tendon ruptures are more common in younger, physically active people, often with pre-existing tendon pathologies. The most common mechanism of rupture of the quadriceps tendon is indirect trauma, typically caused by sudden eccentric loading or reflexive contraction, with degeneration of the tendon tissue being a predisposing factor. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by imaging modalities such as ultrasound and MRI. Treatment options depend on the severity of the tear. Partial ruptures can often be managed conservatively, whereas complete ruptures require surgical repair, typically by transosseous suture or fixation with bone anchors or transosseous sutures. Early functional rehabilitation is essential for optimal recovery. The prognosis is generally favorable with early treatment, although complications such as quadriceps atrophy and flexion deficits may occur. Proper documentation of the mechanism of injury and histopathological evaluation of the tendon tissue are important to determine the underlying cause and ensure appropriate insurance coverage.