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Observational Study
. 2025 Mar 26;26(1):302.
doi: 10.1186/s12891-025-08568-1.

Associations between estimated glucose disposal rate and osteoarthritis risk in US adults: a cross-sectional study

Zhiqiang Que #  1 , Dingqiang Chen #  1   2 , Huirong Cai #  3   2 , Weibin Lan  4   5 , Yuxuan Huang  6 , Gang Rui  7   8
Affiliations
Observational Study

Associations between estimated glucose disposal rate and osteoarthritis risk in US adults: a cross-sectional study

Zhiqiang Que et al. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. .

Abstract

Background: Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is a novel insulin resistance (IR) assessment surrogate. Although it has shown promising potential in other metabolic disease studies, no research has yet explored its relationship with osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between eGDR and OA in a cross-sectional observational cohort.

Method: Data utilized in this cross-sectional study were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between eGDR and OA, stratified analysis was applied to assess the stability of the results.

Result: A total of 19,040 participants were included in the study, including 2,001 OA patients and 17,039 non-OA participants with an age distribution ranging from 20 to 85 years. The fully adjusted logistic regression model shows that eGDR were less likely associated with OA compared to those with non-OA (OR = 0.879, 95% CI = 0.846-0.914, P < 0.001). By dispersing the eGDR into quartiles, the correlation between eGDR and OA remained significant (P for trend < 0.0001).

Conclusion: This study suggests that eGDR is independently associated with OA, with lower eGDR values being linked to a higher risk of OA.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

Keywords: Cross-sectional observational study; Estimated glucose disposal rate; National health and nutrition examination survey; Osteoarthritis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study protocol of NHANES received approval from the Ethics Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics. All participants provided written informed consent. This study followed the Reporting on Strengthening Observational Studies in Epidemiology reporting guidelines. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The flowchart of participants selection
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Restricted cubic spline fitting for the association between eGDR with osteoarthritis. Knot = 4, the position of the nodes is located at 5%, 35%, 65%, and 95% of the percentiles of the predicted variables distribution
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The results of logistic regression analysis on the stratified association between eGDR and OA risk according to participants characteristics. The round red circles represent the point estimate of the OR, while the bar lines represent the 95% CI around the OR. OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; eGDR, estimated glucose disposal rate
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
ROC curves for different surrogates to predict osteoarthritis. All the five indices used to predict OA differ significantly from each other(P < 0.01)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Cai H, Que Z, Chen J, Chen D, Rui G, Lan W. Association between different insulin resistance surrogates and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 1999–2018. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024;25:901. - PMC - PubMed

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