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Review
. 2025 Mar 18;13(3):744.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13030744.

Cardiometabolic Phenotype in HFpEF: Insights from Murine Models

Ekaterina Ogurtsova  1   2 , Tatiana Arefieva  1   2 , Anastasiia Filatova  1   3 , Natalya Radyukhina  1 , Artem Ovchinnikov  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Cardiometabolic Phenotype in HFpEF: Insights from Murine Models

Ekaterina Ogurtsova et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a significant challenge in modern healthcare. It accounts for the majority of heart failure cases and their number worldwide is steadily increasing. With its high prevalence and substantial clinical impact, therapeutic strategies for HFpEF are still inadequate. This review focuses on the cardiometabolic phenotype of HFpEF which is characterised by such conditions as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Various murine models that mimic this phenotype are discussed. Each model's pathophysiological aspects, namely inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, changes in cardiomyocyte protein function, and myocardial metabolism alterations are examined in detail. Understanding these models can provide insight into the mechanisms underlying HFpEF and aid in the development of effective therapeutic interventions.

Keywords: cardiometabolic HFpEF; diastolic dysfunction; heart failure with preserved ejection; murine models; myocardial fibrosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Current understanding of the pathogenesis of HFpEF. NO—nitric oxide; RAAS—renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Twelve-month-old female db/db mouse (weight 63 g). The mouse was sourced from the SPF vivarium of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Histological sections of left ventricular myocardium from 14-month-old db/db mice (unpublished data by the authors). (A) Death of cardiomyocytes: areas of necrosis (arrows) appear lighter than living cells. Haematoxylin and eosin stain, 100× magnification. (B) Mononuclear leukocyte infiltration: leukocyte nuclei are indicated by arrows. Haematoxylin and eosin stain, 200× magnification. (C) Stromal fibrosis: Masson’s trichrome stain (collagen is stained blue), 400× magnification.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Cardiometabolic HFpEF and related murine models.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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