"VID-KIDS" Video-Feedback Interaction Guidance for Depressed Mothers and Their Infants: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

VID-KIDS (Video-Feedback Interaction Guidance for Depressed Mothers and their Infants) is a positive parenting programme comprising three brief nurse-guided video-feedback sessions (offered in-person or virtually via Zoom) that promote "serve and return" interactions by helping depressed mothers to be more sensitive and responsive to infant cues. We examined whether mothers who received the VID-KIDS programme demonstrated improved maternal-infant interaction quality. The secondary hypotheses examined VID-KIDS' effects on maternal depression, anxiety, perceived parenting stress, infant developmental outcomes, and infant cortisol patterns. A parallel group randomized controlled trial (n = 140) compared the VID-KIDS programme to standard care controls (e.g., a resource and referral programme). The trial was registered in the US Clinical Trials Registry (number NCT03052374). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, nine weeks post-randomization (immediate post-test), and two months post-intervention. Maternal-infant interaction quality significantly improved for the intervention group with moderate to large effects. These improvements persisted during the post-test two months after the final video-feedback session. No significant group differences were detected for secondary outcomes. This study demonstrated that nurse-guided video-feedback can improve maternal-infant interaction in the context of PPD. These findings are promising, as sensitive and responsive parenting is crucial for promoting children's healthy development.

Keywords: infant development; positive parenting intervention; postpartum depression; randomized controlled trial; video-feedback.