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. 2025 Mar 5:65:101576.
doi: 10.1016/j.nmni.2025.101576. eCollection 2025 Jun.

Antibiotic and colistin resistance pattern of Salmonella spp. isolated from pediatric patients with diarrhea in the Southern region of Vietnam

Nga Thi Le  1   2   3 , Phuong Hoai Hoang  3 , Chinh Van Dang  3 , Tinh Huu Ho  3 , Phuc Le Hoang  4 , Dinh Quang Truong  5 , Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen  5 , Chuong Van Le  6 , Tuom Thi Tinh Truong  1 , Phuong Nhat Tran  7 , Trang Thi Phuong Phan  1   2   8
Affiliations

Antibiotic and colistin resistance pattern of Salmonella spp. isolated from pediatric patients with diarrhea in the Southern region of Vietnam

Nga Thi Le et al. New Microbes New Infect. .

Abstract

Background: Salmonella spp. is a prominent causative agent of pediatric diarrhea, with recent research emphasizing the rising concern regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly involving colistin, a last-resort antibiotic.

Methods: This study involved the collection of 500 stool samples from children with diarrhea from two tertiary pediatric hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City. Conventional methods were used to isolate Salmonella spp., and antibiotic resistance profiling against seven antibiotics was conducted using the disk diffusion method. Colistin resistance was determined by the microdilution method. Colistin resistance (mcr) genes were detected by PCR assay. A conjugation experiment with a multidrug-resistant Salmonella strain and E. coli J53 was performed, and the plasmids from this Salmonella strain were analyzed using bioinformatics.

Results: The Salmonella spp. infection rate was found to be 74/500 (14.8 %). The predominant antibiotic resistance phenotype was ampicillin with 53/74 (71.6 %), followed by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with 23/74 (31.1 %). Resistance rates to ceftazidime, cefotaxime and gentamicin were 14/74 (18.9 %), 13/74 (17.6 %) and 6/74 (8.1 %), respectively. Resistance to imipenem was not observed. Colistin resistance was exhibited in 3/74 (4.1 %) of isolates, all harboring the mcr-1 gene. The plasmid carrying the mcr-1 gene could transfer to E. coli, which belongs to the IncX4 type and contains IS26.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella spp. isolated from pediatric patients, with particular emphasis on colistin resistance.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Diarrhea; IncX4; Mcr-1; Pediatrics; Salmonella.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PCR results after conjugation experiment between Salmonella enterica S320 and E. coli J53 C+: Positive control for mcr-1 (502 bp); C-: Negative control; S320: Salmonella S320 strain; J53: E. coli J53 before conjugation; S320+J53: E. coli J53 after conjugation.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Details of pNCS320 from Salmonella S320 strain.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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