Four new meroterpenoid derivatives with cytotoxicity from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp. HLLG-122

Abstract

Four new meroterpenoids, including two seco isodhilarane-type meroterpenoids peniciacetals J-K (1 and 2), two austins-type meroterpenoids peniciacetals L-M (3 and 4), along with five known analogues (5-9) were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp. HLLG-122 based on the OSMAC approach. The structures, including absolute configurations of new compounds were elucidated by HRESIMS, 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data, X-ray diffraction analysis, and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Peniciacetal J (1) was characterized with a unique 6/7/6/5/6/5 hexacyclic systems with a furan ring moiety. Compound 3 showed weak cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 38.9 and 34.1 μM, respectively. Compound 8 showed moderate cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 10.7 and 13.3 μM, respectively. Compound 9 exhibited good cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell line with the IC₅₀ value of 4.8 μM.

Keywords: Cytotoxicity; Lumnitzera littorea; Meroterpenoids; OSMAC approach; Penicillium sp..