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Review
. 2025 Feb 28;17(2):e79857.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.79857. eCollection 2025 Feb.

Muscle Function, Muscle Disease, and Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography: A Narrative Review

Shinji Yamamoto  1 , Yukinori Okada  2
Affiliations
Review

Muscle Function, Muscle Disease, and Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography: A Narrative Review

Shinji Yamamoto et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is a radiopharmaceutical that exhibits glucose-like kinetics and is used in positron emission tomography (PET). 18F-FDG is used for cancer diagnosis in clinical practice. However, 18F-FDG uptake is also observed in normal organs, such as the brain, liver, and heart, with high glucose consumption. Moreover, 18F-FDG uptake is also observed in muscles, where its accumulation and radioactivity reflect muscle activity. Dystonia is characterized by excessive muscle movement. Recently, 18F-FDG and technetium-99m-methoxyisobutyl isocyanide ([99mTc]MIBI) have been used for the diagnosis and botulinum toxin therapy evaluation of dystonia. This review aimed to summarize the utility of 18F-FDG-PET for the evaluation of muscle activity and diagnosis of muscle diseases such as dystonia, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and polymyalgia rheumatica.

Keywords: 18f-fdg; dermatomyositis; dystonia; muscle; pet; polymyositis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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