[Digital learning methods in pharmacy]

Abstract

With the outbreak of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic in March 2020 and the associated restrictions on teaching, digital learning methods were increasingly used at many universities. Digital learning methods generally include fully or partially digitized learning elements such as lecture recordings, open learning materials, or e‑portfolios. Fully or partially digitized learning formats include game-based learning, the inverted classroom, mobile learning, the use of social media, online peer and collaborative learning, and adaptive learning. Digitized realities are created in the context of simulation-based learning and in augmented and virtual reality. Online-based event formats and online degree programs are characterized by an almost exclusive proportion of internet-based learning phases.The extent to which digital learning methods are used in pharmacy courses in Germany is explained in this article using selected practical examples. The selected examples include the creation of an audio podcast to assess the performance of a clinical chemistry internship as a form of digital learning element, the use of a digital analysis tool to carry out medication analyses as an example of mobile learning, a blended learning concept to teach the basics of clinical pharmacy, an online concept of virtual bedside teaching, and a game-like simulation for dispensing medicines. The inclusion of artificial intelligence can be helpful in the development and implementation of digital learning offerings. However, a sufficiently high quality and critical approach must be guaranteed.

Keywords: Application examples; Artificial intelligence; Digital teaching; Germany; Pharmacy.

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Darstellung der Systematik von Lernelementen, Lernformaten und Lernszenarien und die Einordnung der erläuterten Praxisbeispiele für digitale Lernangebote in der Pharmazie. Abbildung modifiziert nach [3]. Mit freundlicher Genehmigung des Hochschulforums Digitalisierung, Berlin. MOOC Massive Open Online Course

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Blended-Learning-Struktur des Lehrveranstaltungskonzeptes „Grundlagen Klinische Pharmazie“ an der Universität Greifswald mit Einbindung von Lernelementen, Lernformaten und Lernszenarien. Eigene Abbildung

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Struktur des Online-Seminars zur virtuellen Lehre am Krankenbett an der Universität München mit Einbindung von Lernelementen, Lernformaten und Lernszenarien. Eigene Abbildung

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Screenshots von MyDispense-Übungsaufgaben a zur Abgabe von Arzneimitteln in der öffentlichen Apotheke und b zur Bewertung einer Arzneimittelanforderung von einer Station eines Krankenhauses. Bei den in den Screenshots dargestellten Personen handelt es sich um fiktive Patienten. MyDispense Version 7.3.29 ger