Not just a health kick: time to re-evaluate the role of smoothies in glycaemic response and healthy eating

Kathy M Redfern¹, Thomas H Walter², Gail A Rees², Nathaniel J Clark^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK. kathy.redfern@plymouth.ac.uk.
² School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK.
³ School of Health Professions, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK.

Review

Kathy M Redfern et al. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2025 Sep.

. 2025 Sep;79(9):805-808.

doi: 10.1038/s41430-025-01599-w. Epub 2025 Apr 2.

Kathy M Redfern¹, Thomas H Walter², Gail A Rees², Nathaniel J Clark^{2

3}

¹ School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK. kathy.redfern@plymouth.ac.uk.
² School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK.
³ School of Health Professions, University of Plymouth, PL4 8AA, Plymouth, UK.

No abstract available

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

1. Mccartney D, Rattray M, Desbrow B, Khalesi S, Irwin C. Smoothies: exploring the attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of consumers and non-consumers. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci J. 2018;6:425–36. - DOI
1. Greenwood DC, Threapleton DE, Evans CEL, Cleghorn CL, Nykjaer C, Woodhead C, et al. Association between sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened soft drinks and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Br J Nutr. 2014;112:725–34. - DOI - PubMed
1. Crummett LT, Grosso RJ. Postprandial glycemic response to whole fruit versus blended fruit in healthy, young adults. Nutrients. 2022; 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214565 .
1. Redfern KM, Cammack VL, Sweet N, Preston LA, Jarvis MA, Rees GA. Nutrient-extraction blender preparation reduces postprandial glucose responses from fruit juice consumption. Nutr Diabetes. 2017;7:e288. - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Public Health England. National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Years 1-9 of the Rolling Programme (2008/2009 - 2016/2017): Time trend and income analyses. 2019. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploa... (accessed 13 Feb2020).