Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for neurological applications: industry challenges, innovations, and future directions

Abstract

Transcranial magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) represents a transformative modality in treating neurological disorders and diseases, offering precise, minimally invasive interventions for conditions such as essential tremor and Parkinson's disease.Objective.This paper presents an industry-focused perspective on the current state of MRgFUS, highlighting recent advancements, challenges, and emerging opportunities within the field.Approach.We review key clinical applications and therapeutic mechanisms, focusing on targeted ablation, while discussing technological innovations that support new indications. Current regulatory frameworks, challenges in device development, and market trends are examined to provide an understanding of the industry landscape.Main results.We indicate some limitations in MRgFUS and suggest potential strategies for overcoming these limitations to optimize treatment outcomes.Significance.We conclude with an outlook on promising developments, including artificial intelligence-enhanced targeting, low and high-field magnetic resonance imaging integration, and multimodal imaging techniques, that could potentially drive further innovation and adoption of MRgFUS in brain therapy.

Keywords: MR-guided focused ultrasound; blood-brain barrier; brain; neuromodulation; thermal ablation.