Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2025 Mar 13:16:1570095.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1570095. eCollection 2025.

Physicochemical properties, biological activities, applications, and protective potential of the skeletal system of Eucommia ulmoides polysaccharides: a review

Xudong Liu  1 , Yan Xing  2 , Guijun Liu  1 , Dapeng Bao  1 , Zhaojiong Zhang  1 , Haizheng Bi  1 , Meng Wang  1
Affiliations
Review

Physicochemical properties, biological activities, applications, and protective potential of the skeletal system of Eucommia ulmoides polysaccharides: a review

Xudong Liu et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv (E. ulmoides) is a widely distributed plant with economic value, nutritional value, edible value and even medicinal value. In recent years, E. ulmoides polysaccharides are considered to be one of the most important bioactive ingredients in E. ulmoides. Modern pharmacological studies show that the crude extract of E. ulmoides polysaccharides, their active monomer and ramifications have a wide range of pharmacological activities in vitro and in vivo experiments, which can be used to improve inflammation, regulate immunity, improve osteoporosis, and promote osseointegration, etc. Therefore, this review focuses on the induction and summary of the research at home and abroad in recent years, and summarizes the extraction and purification, modification methods, physicochemical properties, biological activities and potential mechanisms of E. ulmoides polysaccharides, providing a theoretical basis for the in-depth study of E. ulmoides polysaccharides and the development of related products.

Keywords: Eucommia ulmoides Oliv; biological activities; modification; physicochemical properties; polysaccharides.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
The plant morphology of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (A) Whole plant, (B) Flowers, (C) Leaves and fruits, (D) Dried leaves, (E) Dried fruits, (F) Barks, (G) Dried barks. (For intuitive introduction to the plant morphology of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., the images are processed and quoted to show the characteristics of different parts from network and public sources).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Flow chart of E. ulmodies polysaccharides extraction and purification.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The possible structures. (A) The possible structure of EuOCP3 (Image from the literature Song et al., 2023), (B) The possible structure of EUP1 (Image from the literature Li et al., 2017).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Potential therapeutic pathways for E. ulmoides polysaccharides on anti-inflammatory activity.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
(A) Pathogenesis of osteoporosis, (B) Signaling factors and pathways that regulate osteoblasts, (C) Signaling factors and pathways that regulate osteoclasts.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Bibliometrics of E. ulmoides and its polysaccharides. (A) Bibliometrics of E. ulmoides, (B) Bibliometrics of E. ulmoides polysaccharides.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
The effect of different E. ulmoides polysaccharides on the skeletal system.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Addy L. D. (2024). An introduction to dental implants. Br. Dent. J. 236 (10), 753–757. 10.1038/s41415-024-7430-8 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ansari J. A., Malik J. A., Ahmed S., Manzoor M., Ahemad N., Anwar S. (2024). Recent advances in the therapeutic applications of selenium nanoparticles. Mol. Biol. Rep. 51 (1), 688. 10.1007/s11033-024-09598-z - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Borazjani N. J., Tabarsa M., You S., Rezaei M. (2018). Purification, molecular properties, structural characterization, and immunomodulatory activities of watersoluble polysaccharides from Sargassum angustifolium. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 109, 793–802. 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.059 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Cao Y., Wang H., Cao S., Liu Z., Zhang Y. (2024). Preparation and characterization of nanofiber coatings on bone implants for localized antimicrobial activity based on sustained ion release and shape-preserving design. Mater. Basel, Switz. 17 (11), 2584. 10.3390/ma17112584 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chen L. X., Yang F. Q. (2024). Applications of magnetic solid-phase extraction in the sample preparation of natural product analysis (2020-2023). J. Sep. Sci. 47 (11), e2400082. 10.1002/jssc.202400082 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources