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Review
. 2025 May;43(2):185-207.
doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2024.12.003. Epub 2025 Jan 22.

Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease

Bin Xiao  1 , ZhiDong Zhou  1 , YinXia Chao  1 , Eng-King Tan  2
Affiliations
Review

Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease

Bin Xiao et al. Neurol Clin. 2025 May.

Abstract

Both genetic and environmental factors modulate the risk of Parkinson's disease. In this article, all these pathophysiologic processes that contribute to damages at the tissue, cellular, organelle, and molecular levels, and their effects are talked about.

Keywords: Disorders; Molecular mechanisms; Parkinson’s disease; Pathogenesis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The authors declare no competing interests.

MeSH terms