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. 2025 Mar 25:12:1452006.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1452006. eCollection 2025.

Gender correlation between sleep duration and risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cun Li  1 , Shun-Xin Luo  1 , Tian-Wei Liang  1 , Dan Song  1 , Jin-Xiao Fu  2
Affiliations

Gender correlation between sleep duration and risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cun Li et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Objective: The influence of extreme sleep duration on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk across genders remains a debated topic.

Methods: This analysis gathers observational studies that explore association between varying sleep durations and CHD risks. Trend estimation employs generalized least squares, converting specific category risk estimates into relative risks (RR) per hour of sleep increase. A two-stage hierarchical regression model evaluates potential linear dose-response relationships. Data analysis utilizes random-effects restricted cubic spline models with four knots.

Results: Involving 17 studies and 906,908 participants, this meta-analysis identifies a pronounced U-shaped nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and CHD risk applicable to both genders (P < 0.01). Notably, shorter sleep durations are linked to higher CHD risks in women, whereas longer durations are more consequential for men. The optimal sleep duration for minimizing CHD risk is between 7.0-8.0 h daily for men and 7.5-8.5 h for women.

Conclusion: The influence of sleep duration on CHD risk differs significantly between genders.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/myprospero, identifier (CRD42023478235).

Keywords: BMI; continent; coronary heart disease; extreme sleep duration; gender.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the selection process for eligible studies (PRISMA).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The dose-response analysis of coronary heart disease and sleep duration, (A) for woman, (B) for man.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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