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. 2025 Apr 9;44(1):110.
doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00851-0.

Association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and hearing loss: a cross-sectional study from NHANES

Yuxuan Yu  1   2   3 , Zhe Shen  1   2   3 , Yong Liu  1   2   3 , Xin Zhang  4   5   6   7
Affiliations

Association between neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and hearing loss: a cross-sectional study from NHANES

Yuxuan Yu et al. J Health Popul Nutr. .

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the neutrophil-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (NHR) and the risk of hearing loss, as well as to evaluate the potential of the NHR as a biomarker for hearing loss.

Methods: The U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data covering 2005-2012 and 2015-2020 were analyzed. A weighted multivariate logistic regression model assessed the correlation between NHR and speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis was utilized to investigate the nonlinear correlation. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed to identify differences among subgroups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of NHR in predicting hearing loss.

Results: A total of 10,436 participants were involved. After comprehensive adjustments for confounding factors, NHR was linearly correlated with SFHL and HFHL. Subgroup analysis revealed that race and the poverty index ratio (PIR) significantly modified the association between NHR and hearing loss. ROC analysis demonstrated the predictive capability of NHR for hearing loss.

Conclusion: NHR is positively correlated with the risk of hearing loss. This study suggests that NHR may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting and assessing hearing loss, demonstrating significant clinical application value. However, this cross-sectional study limits the ability to establish causality. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore potential mechanisms.

Keywords: High-frequency hearing loss; NHANES; Speech-frequency hearing loss; neutrophil-to-HDL cholesterol ratio.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Data for this study was collected from the NHANES database. Approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). All participants provided written informed consent, ensuring compliance with relevant local laws and regulations to uphold the legality of the research. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants in this study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
RCS analysis. (a) The nonlinear association between NHR and SFHL. (b) The nonlinear association between NHR and HFHL
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
ROC analysis. (a) ROC curve and diagnostic value of NHR in SFHL. (b) ROC curve and diagnostic value of NHR in HFHL
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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