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. 2025 Apr 11;388(6743):180-185.
doi: 10.1126/science.adq9592. Epub 2025 Apr 10.

Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data

KATRIN Collaboration†Max Aker  1 Dominic Batzler  1 Armen Beglarian  2 Jan Behrens  1 Justus Beisenkötter  3 Matteo Biassoni  4 Benedikt Bieringer  3 Yanina Biondi  1 Fabian Block  1 Steffen Bobien  5 Matthias Böttcher  3 Beate Bornschein  1 Lutz Bornschein  1 Tom S Caldwell  6   7 Marco Carminati  8   9 Auttakit Chatrabhuti  10 Suren Chilingaryan  2 Byron A Daniel  11 Karol Debowski  12 Martin Descher  13 Deseada Díaz Barrero  1 Peter J Doe  14   15 Otokar Dragoun  16 Guido Drexlin  13 Frank Edzards  17   18 Klaus Eitel  1 Enrico Ellinger  12 Ralph Engel  1   13 Sanshiro Enomoto  14   15 Arne Felden  1 Caroline Fengler  1 Carlo Fiorini  8   9 Joseph A Formaggio  19 Christian Forstner  17   18 Florian M Fränkle  1 Kevin Gauda  3 Andrew S Gavin  6   7 Woosik Gil  1 Ferenc Glück  1 Steffen Grohmann  20 Robin Grössle  1 Rainer Gumbsheimer  1 Nathanael Gutknecht  13 Volker Hannen  3 Leonard Hasselmann  1 Norman Haußmann  12 Klaus Helbing  12 Hanna Henke  1 Svenja Heyns  1 Stephanie Hickford  1 Roman Hiller  1 David Hillesheimer  1 Dominic Hinz  1 Thomas Höhn  1 Anton Huber  1 Alexander Jansen  1 Christian Karl  17 Jonas Kellerer  1 Khanchai Khosonthongkee  21 Matthias Kleifges  2 Manuel Klein  1 Joshua Kohpeiß  1 Christoph Köhler  17   18 Leonard Köllenberger  1 Andreas Kopmann  2 Neven Kovač  1 Alojz Kovalík  16 Holger Krause  1 Luisa La Cascio  13 Thierry Lasserre  22 Joscha Lauer  1 Thanh-Long Le  1 Ondřej Lebeda  16 Bjoern Lehnert  23 Gen Li  11 Alexey Lokhov  13 Moritz Machatschek  1 Martin Mark  1 Alexander Marsteller  1   14   15 Eric L Martin  6   7 Christin Melzer  1 Susanne Mertens  17   18   24 Shailaja Mohanty  1 Jalal Mostafa  2 Klaus Müller  1 Andrea Nava  4   25 Holger Neumann  5 Simon Niemes  1 Anthony Onillon  17   18 Diana S Parno  11 Maura Pavan  4   25 Udomsilp Pinsook  10 Alan W P Poon  23 Jose Manuel Lopez Poyato  26 Stefano Pozzi  4 Florian Priester  1 Jan Ráliš  16 Shivani Ramachandran  12 R G Hamish Robertson  14   15 Caroline Rodenbeck  1   3 Marco Röllig  1 Carsten Röttele  1 Milos Ryšavý  16 Rudolf Sack  1 Alejandro Saenz  27 Richard Salomon  3 Peter Schäfer  1 Magnus Schlösser  1 Klaus Schlösser  1 Lisa Schlüter  18   23 Sonja Schneidewind  3 Ulrich Schnurr  1 Michael Schrank  1 Jannis Schürmann  3   27 Ann-Kathrin Schütz  23 Alessandro Schwemmer  17   18 Adrian Schwenck  1 Michal Šefčík  16 Daniel Siegmann  17   18 Frank Simon  2 Felix Spanier  28 Daniela Spreng  17   18 Warintorn Sreethawong  21 Markus Steidl  1 Jaroslav Štorek  1 Xaver Stribl  17   18 Michael Sturm  1 Narumon Suwonjandee  10 Nicholas Tan Jerome  2 Helmut H Telle  26 Larisa A Thorne  29 Thomas Thümmler  1 Simon Tirolf  1 Nikita Titov  30 Igor Tkachev  30 Korbinian Urban  17   18 Kathrin Valerius  1 Drahoslav Vénos  16 Christian Weinheimer  3 Stefan Welte  1 Jürgen Wendel  1 Christoph Wiesinger  17   18   24 John F Wilkerson  6   7 Joachim Wolf  13 Sascha Wüstling  2 Johanna Wydra  1 Weiran Xu  19 Sergey Zadorozhny  30 Genrich Zeller  1
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Free article

Direct neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data

KATRIN Collaboration† et al. Science. .
Free article

Abstract

That neutrinos carry a nonvanishing rest mass is evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles. Their absolute mass holds relevance in fields from particle physics to cosmology. We report on the search for the effective electron antineutrino mass with the KATRIN experiment. KATRIN performs precision spectroscopy of the tritium β-decay close to the kinematic endpoint. On the basis of the first five measurement campaigns, we derived a best-fit value of [Formula: see text] eV2, resulting in an upper limit of mν < 0.45 eV at 90% confidence level. Stemming from 36 million electrons collected in 259 measurement days, a substantial reduction of the background level, and improved systematic uncertainties, this result tightens KATRIN's previous bound by a factor of almost two.

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