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. 2025 Mar 11;17(3):e80409.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.80409. eCollection 2025 Mar.

Evaluation of Nasal Reconstruction With Local Flaps Using the Translated Version of the FACE-Q Scale in a Local Language

Arnab Sarkar  1 , Umesh Kumar  2 , Suman Babu Gottam  2 , Yasharth Sharma  3 , Nikhil Prasad  2
Affiliations

Evaluation of Nasal Reconstruction With Local Flaps Using the Translated Version of the FACE-Q Scale in a Local Language

Arnab Sarkar et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Introduction Attaining a nasal reconstruction that is functionally and aesthetically pleasing is a challenge to many reconstructive surgeons worldwide. Since the concept of the 'subunit principle' was laid down, many advancements have been devised in nasal reconstruction, but no proper evidence-based data is yet present in the literature regarding the satisfaction amongst patients after nasal reconstruction. In this study, we have evaluated the outcome after nasal reconstruction using a local language translation of FACE-Q scales. Materials and methods A total of 23 patients were operated on for nasal reconstruction in one or two stages during the period from September 2021 to December 2022, after assessing the cause, the subunit involved, and the type of nasal defect. The FACE-Q questionnaire was administered preoperatively and six months postoperatively to assess the satisfaction with outcomes among patients. Results Fifty-one nasal defects were reconstructed in 23 patients, out of which the nasal tip was the most commonly involved subunit. The defects were resurfaced with full-thickness skin grafts, V-Y advancements, deltopectoral flaps, nasolabial flaps, axial frontonasal flaps, and paramedian forehead flaps. Almost all the patients showed a significant improvement in their FACE-Q postoperative scales after the surgeries. Conclusion Nasal reconstruction, owing to its complex anatomy, has always been a subject of discussion. Comprehensive information about the outcome of nasal reconstruction can be measured using the FACE-Q scale, which is a patient-reported outcome assessment. The evaluation will always help the surgeon in regularly assessing and improving the outcome of surgery.

Keywords: face-q scale; nasal reconstruction; nasolabial flap; paramedian forehead flap; rhinoplasty.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. ECR/BHU/Inst/UP/2014/RE-registration-2017dt 31.01.2017, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India issued approval 2020/EC/1905. Date of approval: 21.01.2020 The ethical committee meeting was held on 21.01.2020 at 3 pm in the chamber of the Dean, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (India) for ethical clearance of the MD/MS/DM/M.Ch/Ph.D/synopsis/Projects submitted by the following: Dr. Arnab Sarkar Synopsis Title Evaluation of nasal reconstruction with local flaps using translated version of Face-Q scale in local language remarks: The Synopsis is approved by the Institute Ethics Committee . Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. A: Preoperative image with columellar defect; B: Nasolabial flap used to reconstruct defect; C: Postoperative image with reconstructed columella
Figure 2
Figure 2. A: Preoperative image with defect of alar rims and sidewalls; B: Nasolabial flap used to reconstruct defect; C: Postoperative image with good alar rim contour
Figure 3
Figure 3. A: Preoperative image with defect of the nasal tip, dorsum, soft triangles, and alar rim; B: Paramedian forehead flap used to reconstruct defect; C: Postoperative image
Figure 4
Figure 4. A: Preoperative image with a composite nasal defect after burns; B: Deltopectoral flap used to reconstruct defect; C: Postoperative image
Figure 5
Figure 5. Change in mean scores of ‘Satisfaction with nose’ postoperatively
Figure 6
Figure 6. Change in mean scores of ‘Satisfaction with nostrils’ postoperatively
Figure 7
Figure 7. Change in mean scores of ‘Adverse effects: Nose’ postoperatively
Figure 8
Figure 8. FACE-Q - satisfaction with nose
Permission of use obtained
Figure 9
Figure 9. FACE-Q - satisfaction with nostrils
Permission of use obtained
Figure 10
Figure 10. FACE-Q - adverse events with nose
Permission of use obtained
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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