Allergic rhinitis

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa caused by immunoglobulin E, presenting with symptoms such as sneezing, nasal itching, congestion, and rhinorrhea. It is often associated with conjunctivitis and asthma, significantly impacting quality of life. An integrated care approach is recommended, spanning from pharmacy and primary care to specialized care for severe or poorly controlled cases. Treatment includes avoiding allergens and using medications like antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids. Combinations of these medications in a single intranasal spray have shown greater efficacy. In severe cases, immunotherapy is effective if tailored to the causing allergen. Tools like visual analogue scales and mobile applications facilitate monitoring and management of rhinitis, optimizing care and improving patient self management. In this narrative review, all these aspects will be addressed.

Keywords: Alergia; Allergen immunotherapy; Allergy; Antihistamines; Antihistamínicos; Corticosteroides intranasales; Inmunoterapia con alérgenos; Intranasal corticosteroids; Rhinitis; Rhinoconjunctivitis; Rinitis; Rinoconjuntivitis.