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. 2025 Jun;18(2):514-522.
doi: 10.1007/s12194-025-00904-3. Epub 2025 Apr 11.

External and internal GATE/Geant4 dosimetric calculations on voxelized phantoms

Merai Sondes  1 , Benrachi Fatima #  2 , Laouet Nadjet #  2
Affiliations

External and internal GATE/Geant4 dosimetric calculations on voxelized phantoms

Merai Sondes et al. Radiol Phys Technol. 2025 Jun.

Abstract

Monte Carlo simulation employing the GATE (Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission) code plays a crucial role in radiation transport studies for dose calculations within computational phantoms. This paper presents a set of absorbed doses calculated using computational phantom Zubal and Monte Carlo GATE code version 9.3, based on two radiation exposure configurations: external (radiological accident) and internal (using 131 I radionuclide). The results were validated through comparison with previous studies employing different Monte Carlo codes (MCNP, EGS4), and the reference female computational model proposed by ICRP report 110. The findings demonstrate good agreement between GATE results for Zubal phantom and published data with MCNP and EGS4, as well as alignment with ICRP 110 reference phantom results, for both external and internal irradiation scenarios. In addition, the comparison between Zubal and ICRP 110 phantom reveals a minimal variation, attributed to inherent anatomical and geometrical disparities.

Keywords: 131 I radionuclide; External and internal dosimetry; GATE/Geant4 code; Monte Carlo simulation; Zubal and ICRP 110 phantoms.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Ethics approval: This article does not report any studies performed with human participants. This article does not report any studies performed with animals.

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