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. 2025 Apr 11;15(1):12483.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-97460-y.

Oxylipins as canine sepsis indicators in vivo and in ex vivo skin organ culture model

Denise Biagini #  1 , Chiara Di Franco #  2 , Giulia Lazzarini  2 , Vincenzo Miragliotta  3 , Tommaso Lomonaco  1 , Fabio Di Francesco #  1   4 , Angela Briganti #  2
Affiliations

Oxylipins as canine sepsis indicators in vivo and in ex vivo skin organ culture model

Denise Biagini et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Sepsis, a life-threatening condition characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection, remains a significant cause of mortality in both humans and veterinary patients. This study explores oxylipins as potential indicators of sepsis in dogs through in vivo plasma analysis and an ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated skin organ culture model. By employing a robust analytical platform, 52 oxylipins and 4 polyunsaturated fatty acids were profiled in plasma and skin cultures. Results revealed distinct biochemical and morphological changes, with LPS triggering capillary vasodilation and time-dependent increases in pro-inflammatory mediators such as PGE2 and isoprostanes. Importantly, PGE2 exhibited consistent trends across both models, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic biomarker. This study underscores the utility of the skin organ culture model in mimicking early inflammatory events, offering novel insights into oxylipin dynamics during sepsis and their implications for disease resolution.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Disclaimer: This document has been edited and refined for fluency, clarity, and coherence with the assistance of AI language processing tools (ChatGPT 4o, OpenAI). The content, scientific accuracy, and conclusions of the paper remain entirely the responsibility of the authors. The AI was used solely to enhance the readability and presentation of the manuscript without altering the underlying meaning or intent of the original text.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Superficial plexus capillary size. (a) Photomicrograph of a resin embedded sample of cultured skin treated with LPS for 48 h. Arrowheads indicate superficial plexus blood capillaries. (b) Median equivalent diameters of capillaries show statistically significant differences in LPS treated samples at 24 and 48 h compared to controls. (c) Frequency distribution of equivalent capillary diameters highlights statistically significant differences in LPS treated samples at 24 and 48 h compared to controls.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
– Temporal variation in 15-F2t-Isop (A), TX-B2 (B), 15-E2t-Isop (C), Lipoxin-B4 (D), PGE2 (E), and 20-HETE (F) levels in Control (black box) and LPS treated samples (grey box). The boxplots illustrate the minimum, 25th percentile, median, 75th percentile, and maximum value for each variable. Black dots indicate outliers. Data were Log10-transformed for analysis.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Levels of 15-E2t-Isop (A), Lipoxin-B4 (B), PGE2 (C), 15-HETE (D), 14,15-EET (E), and AA (F) in Control (black box) and septic dogs (grey box). Box-plot shows: The boxplot illustrates the minimum, 25th percentile, median, 75th percentile, and maximum value for each variable. Black dots indicate outliers. Data were Log10-transformed for analysis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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