Poverty and Quality of Life Dimensions: A Cross-Sectional Study of Diabetic Patients in Morocco

Abstract

Background: The assessment of quality of life highlights the effects of diabetes on patients. While the disease's impact is often similar, socioeconomic conditions lead to notable differences. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of poverty status on the dimensions of quality of life of patients with diabetes. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study among diabetic patients in the province of Agadir Ida Outanane, Morocco. We measured quality of life using the Moroccan version of the D 39 diabetes-specific quality of life questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was applied to predict the relationship between poverty status and quality of life dimensions, with adjustments for other covariates (sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic); univariate analyses were significant with a p < 0.25 value and multiple linear regression at p < 0.05. Results: There were 338 confirmed diabetic patients undergoing treatment included in the study. The poverty rate among this diabetic population was 37.3%. The study revealed median scores for impaired quality of life in diabetes control 62.5 [50.5-75], anxiety and worry 81.3 [56.3-93.8], overall perceived quality of life 50 [25-50], and diabetes severity 75 [50-100]. The results of multiple linear regression demonstrated that poverty status was associated with both dimensions anxiety and worry (β = 13.95, IC 95%: 8.12, 19.78, p < 0.001) and diabetes control (β = 8.90, IC 95%: 4.82, 12.97, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The management and psychological impact of diabetes are influenced by poverty status. It is crucial to prioritize this vulnerable population to enhance the effectiveness of interventions for comprehensive disease management.

Keywords: Morocco; diabetes; poverty status; quality of life; socioeconomic level.