Nanohydroxyapatite as the key factor in bone regeneration

Abstract

Bone tissue is a complex material with remarkable durability, elasticity and resistance to mechanical forces, playing a key role in the musculoskeletal system. Hydroxyapatite, a naturally occurring bone-like mineral, is used in a variety of medical applications due to its compatibility with bone tissue. However, synthetic hydroxyapatite has some limitations, such as fragility and low resistance to mechanical straining. Recent developments in nanotechnology have led to the invention of nanohydroxyapatite, which improves bone regeneration and integration with surrounding tissues. The aim of the study is to draw attention to the growing potential of nanohydroxyapatite in clinical practice, especially in the treatment of bone defects. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar based on specific criteria to identify relevant studies on the clinical application of nanohydroxyapatite and evaluate its effectiveness and applicability with other organic and inorganic materials. Nanohydroxyapatite has been extensively studied in vitro, in vivo and in clinical trials, showing enhanced bone regeneration and integration. Studies in animal models show promising results for nanohydroxyapatite in bone healing and infection prevention. Clinical studies also confirm its effectiveness in bone grafts, showing comparable results to autografts and fewer complications than other synthetic materials. Nanohydroxyapatite represents a promising biomaterial in modern medicine. Demonstrating effectiveness comparable to natural bone tissue in clinical applications, it exhibits great promise in bone regeneration, implant integration and tissue healing.

Keywords: bone defects; bone infections; osteomyelitis; synthetic scaffolds.