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. 2025 Apr 12;3(1):29.
doi: 10.1038/s44259-025-00099-y.

Unravelling the linkages between conflict and antimicrobial resistance

Aula Abbara  1   2 , Clare Shortall  3 , Richard Sullivan  4 , Wim Zwijnenburg  5 , Krystel Moussally  6 , Reem Aboshamr  7 , Carine Naim  6 , Angela Uyen  8 , Muhammad H Zaman  9 , Nabil Karah  10 , Ahmad Kejah  11 , Marwan Osman  12 , Antoine Abou Fayad  13 , Omar Dewachi  14
Affiliations

Unravelling the linkages between conflict and antimicrobial resistance

Aula Abbara et al. NPJ Antimicrob Resist. .

Abstract

The compounded impacts of conflicts, natural disasters and climate change increasingly fuel the development and spread of drug-resistant organisms while weakening mitigation efforts through failed governance and health system disruptions. The impacts of conflict drive pathways of exposure to toxic remnants of war and environmental contaminants in settings of forced displacement and broken infrastructure. Tackling antimicrobial resistance in these settings demands context-specific, sustainable interventions that take a transdisciplinary approach.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Conceptual representation of drivers of AMR within complex humanitarian crises.
At the core, there is health system capacity and population vulnerability. The inner circle represents the various exposures which often co-exist in complex humanitarian contexts and the outer layer depicts the different dimensions of complex humanitarian crises that can often co-exist.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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