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. 2025 Apr 12;15(1):12560.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96851-5.

Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and Helicobacter pylori infection

Jiayu Qiu #  1 , Dingwei Liu #  1 , Chengyun Wu #  1 , Hao Chen #  1 , Jinliang Xie  1 , Sihai Chen  1 , Youhua Wang  1 , Feng Zhou  1 , Jiasheng Fang  1 , Qirui Lai  2 , Rulin Zhao  3   4   5 , Yong Xie  6
Affiliations

Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and Helicobacter pylori infection

Jiayu Qiu et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains limited. This study investigates this correlation based on the U.S. population. This cross-sectional research included data on 834 U.S. participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. The association between the NHHR and H. pylori infection was examined using logistic regression models, restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve and subgroup analyses. Individuals with H. pylori infection exhibited significantly higher NHHR value. A significant positive association between NHHR and H. pylori infection was observed across all three models, even after adjusting for potential confounders, with a stronger association noted in males, individuals under 60 years of age, and non-Hispanic White participants. These findings suggest NHHR may act as a non-invasive biomarker for detecting H. pylori infection in U.S. populations.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori infection; Cross-national study; Lipid metabolism; NHANES; NHHR.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
A flowchart of U.S. participants included in this study.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Restricted cubic spline (RCS) for the association between NHHR and H. pylori infection of participants in different models.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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