The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Palliative Care Communication: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Technological advances, such as "machine learning" and "natural language processing," have enabled systems and machines to perform complex tasks that previously required human intervention. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as one of the most significant advancements in the healthcare sector, playing a key role in the evolution of palliative care (PC). Our main objective was to explore how AI can improve the quality of communication in decision-making in PC. A narrative review was conducted to obtain an interpretative synthesis and a comprehensive perspective on the subject under analysis. The research was carried out using the terms "Palliative Care," "Communication," "Artificial Intelligence," "Forecasting" and "Decision Making." Nine articles were included in the study, and after data analysis under Jean Watson's Theory of Transpersonal Caring, four categories were defined that respond to the proposed objective: person-centred care and authentic relationships, decision support based on individualised knowledge, facilitation of transparent communication and advanced care planning, promotion of a healing environment and emotional well-being and education of health professionals and critical reflection. As a result, we identified the need for a multifaceted approach, involving the continuous validation of models, proper training of healthcare professionals and engagement of individuals in decision-making processes. This ensures that decisions are grounded in robust evidence and ethical principles, making sure that AI acts as a true ally rather than a source of additional risks. In conclusion, AI can effectively be a valuable support tool in decision-making, but it is crucial that professionals remain aware of its limitations and can apply critical judgment in each situation.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; communication; decision making; forecasting; palliative care.