Biopsychosocial needs of leukemic children - A systematic review

Abstract

Leukaemia, particularly Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML), is the second leading cause of death among children aged 0-14, with survival rates of 80-90% achieved through improved treatment. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in early detection, as most cases are identified through non-standardized methods, highlighting the need for better adherence to guidelines for early recognition. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines explored the biopsychosocial needs of children with leukaemia, focusing on mental health, emotional well-being and quality of life. The review identified significant gaps in post-treatment care, emphasized the importance of parent education and underscored the necessity for comprehensive approaches to address psychosocial and emotional challenges. Tailored interventions that address medical, emotional and social needs are crucial to improving symptom control and quality of life. In contrast, further research is needed to standardise assessment methods for pediatric leukaemia patients.

Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); biopsychosocial needs; childhood leukemia; psychosocial support; symptoms management.