Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on clinical parameters, oxidative and anti-oxidative profile in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Abstract

This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients in terms of plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status and oxidative stress index. 40 chronic periodontitis patients were enrolled. In each patient, the quadrants were divided into two sides (left and right); one side (2 quadrants) was randomly assigned to group 1: SRP (control) and the other side (2 quadrants) was assigned to group 2: SRP + a-PDT (test). The clinical and biochemical parameters were measured at baseline and 3 months. Independent t test and paired t test were used to compare between and within groups respectively. At 3rd month, group 2 showed significant improvement (p ≤ 0.05) in terms of clinical (PI, GI, PPD) and biochemical parameters (TAOC, TOS, OSI) than group 1. However, there was no significant difference in terms of CAL (p > 0.05). a-PDT, when used as an adjunct to SRP can positively influence periodontal parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers, thereby restoring the oxidative and antioxidant balance in periodontal tissues nurturing it from disease to health.

Keywords: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; Antioxidant potential; Chronic periodontitis; Oxidative status; Oxidative stress index.