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Review
. 2025 Mar 27;26(7):3084.
doi: 10.3390/ijms26073084.

The Therapeutic Use and Potential of MSCs: Advances in Regenerative Medicine

Alin Constantin Pînzariu  1 , Roxana Moscalu  2 , Radu Petru Soroceanu  3 , Minela Aida Maranduca  1 , Ilie Cristian Drochioi  4 , Vlad Ionut Vlasceanu  3 , Sergiu Timofeiov  3 , Daniel Vasile Timofte  3 , Bogdan Huzum  5 , Mihaela Moscalu  6 , Dragomir Nicolae Serban  1 , Ionela Lacramioara Serban  1
Affiliations
Review

The Therapeutic Use and Potential of MSCs: Advances in Regenerative Medicine

Alin Constantin Pînzariu et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a relevant strategy in regenerative medicine due to their multipotent differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory properties, and therapeutic applications in various medical fields. This review explores the therapeutic use of MSCs, focusing on their role in treating autoimmune disorders and neoplastic diseases and in tissue regeneration. We discuss the mechanisms underlying MSC-mediated tissue repair, including their paracrine activity, migration to injury sites, and interaction with the immune system. Advances in cellular therapies such as genome engineering and MSC-derived exosome treatments further enhance their applicability. Key methodologies analyzed include genomic studies, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and bioinformatics approaches to optimize MSC-based interventions. Additionally, we reviewed preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrating the therapeutic potential of MSCs in conditions such as graft-versus-host disease, osteoarthritis, liver cirrhosis, and neurodegenerative disorders. While promising, challenges remain regarding standardization, long-term safety, and potential tumorigenic risks associated with MSC therapy. Future research should focus on refining MSC-based treatments to enhance efficacy and minimize risks. This review underscores the need for large-scale clinical trials to validate MSC-based interventions and fully harness their therapeutic potential.

Keywords: immunomodulation; mesenchymal stem cells; regenerative medicine; stem cell therapy; tissue regeneration.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Applications of MSCs with multiple differentiation potential for repair of various tissues.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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