Exploring omics approaches in probiotics: Contemporary developments and prospective pathways

Abstract

The application of omics technologies in combination with bench investigations has brought about a significant transformation in the field of probiotics, enabling a thorough investigation of the basic elements contributing to the probiotic activity. Genomics studies have decoded the complete set of genes of probiotic organisms, shedding light on beneficial traits and mechanisms of probiotic action. Transcriptomics analyses focus on gene expression patterns and investigate probiotic adaptation and functionality. Proteomic studies have revealed the intricate connections between proteins in probiotic cells and their relationship with the host environment. Metabolomic profiling has provided a comprehensive perspective on the metabolic pathways related to probiotic metabolism and the production of bioactive substances. The ongoing development of omics technology presents exciting opportunities for probiotic research, as it allows for a deeper exploration of probiotic-host interactions and the creation of advanced and tailored probiotics that offer specific health advantages. A comprehensive analysis of recent progress in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics related to probiotics is presented in this review.

Keywords: Gene expression; Genomics; Metabolomics; Probiotic-host interactions; Proteomics; Transcriptomics.