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. 2025 Apr 14:2025:9981628.
doi: 10.1155/jamc/9981628. eCollection 2025.

Rod-Shaped NanoZnTPyP Paper-Based Sensor for Visual Detection of Dopamine in Human Plasma

Linlin Yin  1 , Yuyu Du  2 , Miaohua Ge  1 , Xiang Zhang  1 , Xinyi Du  1 , Xiaoqiong Wu  1
Affiliations

Rod-Shaped NanoZnTPyP Paper-Based Sensor for Visual Detection of Dopamine in Human Plasma

Linlin Yin et al. J Anal Methods Chem. .

Abstract

Dopamine (DA) is a catecholamine neurotransmitter secreted by the human adrenal medulla and is related to many medical diseases. The rapid and sensitive detection of DA levels in physiological media is attracting attention. This paper has developed a fluorescence paper-based sensor using CdTe quantum dots (QDs)-rod nanozinc 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra (4-pyridyl)-21H-23H-porphine (nanoZnTPyP) for sensitive and visual detection of DA. After adding DA, the original quenching fluorescence of the CdTe QDs-rod nanoZnTPyP sensor was effectively restored. The detection mechanism may be that the oxidation of DA to the alkaline CdTe QDs-rod nanoZnTPyP solution produced DA-quinine, and the recovery of fluorescence was caused by the electronic effect of DA-quinine and rod-shaped nanoZnTPyP. The detection range is 0.5∼10 nmol/L, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.38 nmol/L (S/N = 3). The sensor system was used on paper device to detect significant changes in the fluorescent color of DA at different concentrations. In addition, this method has been successfully used for the determination of DA in human plasma. The sensor system is simple, easy to operate, and has high selectivity for possible DA interfering substances, which provided new ideas for detecting DA and Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and other DA-related diseases.

Keywords: CdTe quantum dots; dopamine; fluorescence sensor; paper-based sensor; rod-shaped nanoZnTPyP.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) UV absorption spectrum of ZnTPyP porphyrin and nanoZnTPyP; (b) TEM detection result of nanoZnTPyP; (c) fluorescence spectrum of CdTe quantum dots with the addition of different concentrations of dopamine; (d) effect of different pH on the detection of dopamine by fluorescence sensor; (e) the fluorescence intensity for CdTe quantum dots in presence of nanoZnTPyP (0.0382∼0.649 μmol/L); the inset: the fluorescence quenching linearity of CdTe QDs in the range of 0.0382∼0.649 μmol/L of nanoZnTPyP.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) The fluorescence recovery of CdTe QDs and nanoZnTPyP systems in the presence of dopamine (1 × 10−7 mol/L). Inset: the optimizing of the addition amount of nanoZnTPyP (0.459–0.612 μmol/L) during recovery of QDs fluorescence after the addition of Dopamine. (b) The recovery of CdTe QDs fluorescence in CdTe-nanoZnTPyP system with dopamine concentration range of 5.0 × 10−10∼1.0 × 10−8 mol/L; the inset: fluorescence recovery linearity of CdTe-nanoZnTPyP in presence of different concentration dopamine in range of 5.0 × 10−10∼1.0 × 10−8 mol/L. (c) The F2/F0 value of CdTe-rod nanoZnTPyP system when different common dopamine disruptors are added. (d) The F2/F0 value of CdTe-rod nanoZnTPyP system when different metal ions are added.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Colorimetric changes for dopamine samples with different concentrations (A∼F corresponding to 1, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 nmol/L, respectively) based on CdTe-nanoZnTPyP paper-based sensor.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Assigned plots of dummy codes of training and prediction set with the different concentration dopamine based on CdTe-nanoZnTPyP sensing in PLSDA model.
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