[Diffuse interstitial lung disease induced by antibody-drug conjugates]

Abstract

Introduction: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a promising new therapeutic class in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Studies assessing ADC have highlighted a pulmonary toxicity profile in the form of interstitial lung disease (ILD).

State of the art: Several ADCs for NSCLC are currently being developed. In studies evaluating Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan (Her-2 target), incidence of drug-induced ILD ranged from 10.7 to 26.0%, and from 3.6 to 25.0% in those evaluating Datopotamab-Deruxtecan (TROP-2 target). Incidence of 9.9 and 5% of ILD was observed with Telisotuzumab-Vedotin (c-MET target) and Patritumab-Deruxtecan (Her-3 target), respectively. No cases of ILD have been reported with Sacituzumab-Govitecan (TROP-2 target) or Tusamitamab-Ravtansine (CEACAM5 target).

Perspectives: Several risk factors for ADC-induced ILD seem to emerge, including respiratory comorbidities, renal insufficiency, or type and dosage of ADC. Current studies are focusing on the combination of ADC and immunotherapy, although there are few data now available on pulmonary toxicity profiles.

Conclusion: Among the many ADCs being developed, several can cause ILD of varying grades and intensity. Knowledge of their risks, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities is required in order to quickly detect and treat ADC-induced ILD.

Keywords: Antibody-drug conjugate; Cancer pulmonaire non à petites cellules; Carcinoma non-small-cell lung; Conjugués anticorps-médicaments; Facteurs de risque; Lung diseases interstitial; Pneumopathie interstitielle; Risk factors; Toxicity; Toxicité.