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. 2025 Apr 22;15(1):13823.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-97414-4.

Predictors of self-management behaviors among patients undergoing hemodialysis

Yusun Park  1 , Sunyoung Jung  2
Affiliations

Predictors of self-management behaviors among patients undergoing hemodialysis

Yusun Park et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Inadequate self-management has a significant impact on the mortality and morbidity of patients undergoing hemodialysis. The capacity for self-management is contingent on demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and cognitive factors. In particular, the role of family support and quality social interactions in this process is significant. The Individual and Family Self-Management Theory (IFSMT) emphasizes the integration of self-management into the lifestyles of the individual and family. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the factors that affect self-management in patients undergoing hemodialysis based on IFSMT. Data were collected from three tertiary-level hospitals in Korea from May to October 2021. A total of 140 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis completed a structured self-report questionnaire comprising questions on general characteristics, complexity of disease management, accessibility to healthcare services, health literacy, family functioning, self-efficacy, self-regulation, social support, and self-management behaviors. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA with Scheffé test as post-hoc analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The study found that self-management in patients undergoing hemodialysis was influenced by "health literacy" contextual factor and "self-efficacy," "self-regulation," and "social support" process factors, based on the IFSMT framework. These factors accounted for 45.0% of the variance in self-management. These findings highlight the importance of the IFSMT in predicting self-management behavior in patients undergoing hemodialysis. It is essential to develop a comprehensive intervention that incorporates these contextual and process factors within the family setting, and future research should evaluate its effectiveness.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Hemodialysis; Individual and family self-management theory; Self-management.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the ethics committees of the three hospitals from where data were collected (Korea University Anam Hospital, no. 2021AN0062; Korea University Guro Hospital, no. 2021GR0034 no; Inha University Hospital, IUH-IRB 2020–09-021–001). The study’s objectives were explained to the participants, who signed an informed consent form. Participants’ anonymity, privacy, confidentiality, and other requirements from the Helsinki Declaration on research involving human subjects were strictly adhered to. Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Theoretical framework based on the Individual and family self-management theory.
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