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Review
. 2025 Mar 13;13(3):308.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines13030308.

Vaccination Strategies: Mixing Paths Versus Matching Tracks

Achilleas Livieratos  1 , Charalambos Gogos  2 , Iason Thomas  3   4 , Karolina Akinosoglou  2   5
Affiliations
Review

Vaccination Strategies: Mixing Paths Versus Matching Tracks

Achilleas Livieratos et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

Vaccination strategies play a pivotal role in achieving broad and robust immune protection. With the advent of new technologies and challenges posed by emerging infectious diseases such as SARS-CoV-2, evaluating the efficacy of homologous (matching tracks) and heterologous (mixing paths) vaccination regimens is critical. This article explores mechanistic insights and empirical evidence on the benefits and limitations of these approaches.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; adaptive immunity; heterologous vaccination; homologous vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immune profile after homologous and heterologous immunization.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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