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Review
. 2025 Jan 20;4(5):100618.
doi: 10.1016/j.gastha.2025.100618. eCollection 2025.

LincPRKD: A Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA Activated in Gastric Cancer

Durgadevi Ravillah  1   2 , Komal Keerthy  2 , Salendra Singh  3 , Adam Kresak  4 , Kishore Guda  1   2   4 , Andrew E Blum  1   2   5
Affiliations
Review

LincPRKD: A Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA Activated in Gastric Cancer

Durgadevi Ravillah et al. Gastro Hep Adv. .
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Expression of LincPRKD (G2E3-AS1) in primary gastric tumors and its impact on GC cell growth. (A) TCGA stomach adenocarcinoma RNAseq dataset showing significantly increased lincPRKD expression (Y-axis) in malignant tissues across histologic subtypes, compared to normal gastric tissues. Horizontal lines within each tissue type indicate median values. ∗P < .05 and ∗∗∗P < .0005 indicate significant differences in expression between respective malignant vs normal gastric tissues. (B) Representative lincPRKD qPCR products resolved on 1.5% agarose gel across parental GC cell lines. β-2 microglobulin was used as a loading control. (C) Knockdown of lincPRKD using nonoverlapping gapmers (gpr1 and gpr2), compared to a nontargeting experimental control-gapmer (NC gpr), in lincPRKD-positive HGC27 and MKN74 GC models. (top) Representative lincPRKD qPCR products resolved on 1.5% agarose gel (pooled from three biologic replicates). (bottom) Bar graphs showing significant knockdown of lincPRKD in both GC lines. β-2 microglobulin was used as an endogenous RNA control. (D) IncuCyte-based growth assessments following lincPRKD knockdown in HGC27 and MKN74. Y-axes represent the average fold-change in respective cell confluence values, normalized to time zero (X-axis). All data are plotted as mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 6 biologic replicates). (E) Assessment of clonogenicity/colony-forming ability following lincPRKD knockdown in HGC27 and MKN74. (top) Representative images of GC cell colonies in control vs lincPRKD-targeting gapmers groups. (bottom) Bar graphs showing significant suppression of GC colony-forming ability in lincPRKD-targeting compared to control-gapmer. All data are plotted as mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 3 biologic replicates). (C,D,E) ∗P < .05, ∗∗P < .005, and ∗∗∗P < .0005 indicate significant differences between lincPRKD-targeting vs control-gapmer groups. NOS, not otherwise specified; qPCR, semiquantitative PCR.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Candidate gene targets of lincPRKD. (A) qPCR validation of candidate lincPRKD target genes, identified using RNAseq (see Methods), in HGC27 and MKN74 models. (top) Bar graphs showing fold-change (Y-axis) in respective target gene expression upon lincPRKD knockdown (gpr1 and gpr2), compared to control-gapmer (NC gpr) groups. All data are plotted as mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 3 biologic replicates). ∗P < .05, ∗∗P < .005, and ∗∗∗P < .0005 indicate significant differences between lincPRKD knockdown vs control group. (bottom) Representative target gene qPCR products resolved on 1.5% agarose gel. β-2 microglobulin was used as an endogenous RNA control. (B) Representative Western Blot images (top) and relative quantitation (bottom, bar graphs) of RAD51B protein in HGC27 and MKN74, upon lincPRKD knockdown with gapmers. β-actin was used as an endogenous loading control. (C) Western blot analysis of RAD51B protein across parental gastric cancer cell lines. Bar graphs represent RAD51B protein expression, normalized to β-actin, in respective GC line. (D) (top) Representative IHC images of RAD51B protein (brown staining) in primary gastric tumors, derived from tissue array (see Methods). The table at the bottom shows the number (and percentage) of gastric tumors with null, low-moderate, or high expression of RAD51B protein. qPCR, semiquantitative PCR; IHC, immunohistochemistry.
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