Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of migraine, summary version

Raffaele Ornello¹, Valeria Caponnetto², Fayyaz Ahmed³, Haidar M Al-Khazali⁴, Anna Ambrosini⁵, Sait Ashina^{6

7}, Carlo Baraldi⁸, Alessia Bellotti⁹, Filippo Brighina¹⁰, Paolo Calabresi^{11

12}, Francesco Casillo¹³, Sabina Cevoli¹⁴, Shuli Cheng¹⁵, Chia-Chun Chiang¹⁶, Alberto Chiarugi¹⁷, Rune Häckert Christensen^{4

7

18

19}, Min Kyung Chu²⁰, Gianluca Coppola¹³, Ilenia Corbelli⁹, Santiago Crema²¹, Roberto De Icco^{22

23}, Marina De Tommaso²⁴, Cherubino Di Lorenzo¹³, Vincenzo Di Stefano¹⁰, Hans-Christoph Diener²⁵, Esme Ekizoglu²⁶, Adriana Fallacara²⁴, Valentina Favoni¹⁴, Kimberly N Garces²⁷, Pierangelo Geppetti²⁸, Maria Teresa Goicochea²¹, Antonio Granato²⁹, Franco Granella³⁰, Simona Guerzoni⁸, Woo-Seok Ha³¹, Amr Hassan³², Koichi Hirata³³, Jan Hoffmann³⁴, Eva-Maria Hüssler³⁵, Mona Hussein³⁶, Luigi Francesco Iannone¹⁶, Bronwyn Jenkins³⁷, Alejandro Labastida-Ramirez³⁴, Anna Laporta²⁴, Morris Levin³⁸, Antonino Lupica¹⁰, Edoardo Mampreso³⁹, Daniele Martinelli²², Teshamae S Monteith²⁷, Ilaria Orologio⁴⁰, Aynur Özge⁴¹, Li-Ling Hope Pan⁴², Lavindren Luke Panneerchelvam³, Mario Fp Peres⁴³, Marcio Nattan Portes Souza⁴⁴, Patricia Pozo-Rosich^{45

46}, Maria Pia Prudenzano⁴⁷, Silvia Quattrocchi¹⁴, Innocenzo Rainero⁴⁸, Volodymyr Romanenko⁴⁹, Marina Romozzi^{11

12}, Antonio Russo⁴⁰, Grazia Sances²², Paola Sarchielli⁹, Todd J Schwedt⁵⁰, Marcello Silvestro⁴⁰, Diego Belardino Swerts⁴³, Cristina Tassorelli^{22

23}, Alessandro Tessitore⁴⁰, Mansoureh Togha^{51

52}, Gloria Vaghi^{22

23}, Shuu-Jiun Wang^{53

54}, Messoud Ashina^{4

18}, Simona Sacco¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
² Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
³ Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK.
⁴ Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁵ Headache Clinic - IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy.
⁶ Department of Neurology and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
⁷ Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁸ Digital and Predictive Medicine, Pharmacology and Clinical Metabolic Toxicology -Headache Center and Drug Abuse - Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Modena, Modena, Italy.
⁹ Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
¹¹ Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
¹² Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
¹³ Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy.
¹⁴ IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma Cefalee ed Algie Facciali, Bologna, Italia.
¹⁵ Deparment of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁶ Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Headache Center University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Neurology and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
²⁰ Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
²¹ Neurology Department, Headache Clinic, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
²² Headache Science and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCSS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
²³ Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
²⁴ DiBrain Department, Neurophysiopathology Unit, Bari Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
²⁵ Department of Neuroepidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
²⁶ Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
²⁷ Department of Neurology-Headache Division, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
²⁸ Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Pain Research Center, College of Dentistry, New York University, NY, USA.
²⁹ Clinical Unit of Neurology, Headache Center, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
³⁰ Unit of Neurosciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
³¹ Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
³² Department of Neurology, Kasr Al Ainy Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
³³ Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan.
³⁴ Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
³⁵ Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
³⁶ Department of Neurology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
³⁷ Northern Headache and Neurology Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
³⁸ UCSF Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³⁹ Headache Centre, Neurology - Euganea, Health Unit, Padua, Italy.
⁴⁰ Headache Centre of Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
⁴¹ Department of Neurology, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
⁴² Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁴³ University of Sao Paulo, Sao, Paulo, Brazil.
⁴⁴ Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
⁴⁵ Headache Clinic, Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
⁴⁶ Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, VHIR, Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁴⁷ Headache Center, Amaducci Neurological Clinic, Polyclinic Hospital-University Consortium, Bari, Italy.
⁴⁸ Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
⁴⁹ Ukrainian Medical Academy, Ukraine.
⁵⁰ Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
⁵¹ Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵² Headache Department, Neurology Ward, Sina Hospital, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵³ Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei.
⁵⁴ College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei.

PMID: 40277321
DOI: 10.1177/03331024251321500

Free article

Practice Guideline

Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of migraine, summary version

Raffaele Ornello et al. Cephalalgia. 2025 Apr.

Free article

. 2025 Apr;45(4):3331024251321500.

doi: 10.1177/03331024251321500. Epub 2025 Apr 25.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
² Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
³ Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Hull, UK.
⁴ Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁵ Headache Clinic - IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy.
⁶ Department of Neurology and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
⁷ Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
⁸ Digital and Predictive Medicine, Pharmacology and Clinical Metabolic Toxicology -Headache Center and Drug Abuse - Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Modena, Modena, Italy.
⁹ Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
¹¹ Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
¹² Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
¹³ Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy.
¹⁴ IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma Cefalee ed Algie Facciali, Bologna, Italia.
¹⁵ Deparment of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
¹⁶ Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, Headache Center University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
¹⁸ Department of Neurology and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
²⁰ Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
²¹ Neurology Department, Headache Clinic, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
²² Headache Science and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCSS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
²³ Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
²⁴ DiBrain Department, Neurophysiopathology Unit, Bari Aldo Moro University, Bari, Italy.
²⁵ Department of Neuroepidemiology, Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), Faculty of Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
²⁶ Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
²⁷ Department of Neurology-Headache Division, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
²⁸ Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Pain Research Center, College of Dentistry, New York University, NY, USA.
²⁹ Clinical Unit of Neurology, Headache Center, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
³⁰ Unit of Neurosciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
³¹ Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
³² Department of Neurology, Kasr Al Ainy Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
³³ Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan.
³⁴ Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
³⁵ Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
³⁶ Department of Neurology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
³⁷ Northern Headache and Neurology Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
³⁸ UCSF Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³⁹ Headache Centre, Neurology - Euganea, Health Unit, Padua, Italy.
⁴⁰ Headache Centre of Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
⁴¹ Department of Neurology, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
⁴² Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁴³ University of Sao Paulo, Sao, Paulo, Brazil.
⁴⁴ Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
⁴⁵ Headache Clinic, Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.
⁴⁶ Headache and Neurological Pain Research Group, VHIR, Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁴⁷ Headache Center, Amaducci Neurological Clinic, Polyclinic Hospital-University Consortium, Bari, Italy.
⁴⁸ Headache Center, Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
⁴⁹ Ukrainian Medical Academy, Ukraine.
⁵⁰ Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
⁵¹ Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵² Headache Department, Neurology Ward, Sina Hospital, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵³ Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei.
⁵⁴ College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei.

PMID: 40277321
DOI: 10.1177/03331024251321500

Abstract

We here present evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of migraine. These guidelines, created by the Italian Society for the Study of Headache and the International Headache Society, aim to offer clear, actionable recommendations to healthcare professionals. They incorporate evidence-based recommendations from randomized controlled trials and expert-based opinions. The guidelines follow the GRADE approach for assessing the quality of evidence. The guideline development involved a systematic review of literature across multiple databases, adherence to Cochrane review methods, and a structured framework for data extraction and interpretation. Although the guidelines provide a robust foundation for migraine treatment, they also highlight gaps in current research, such as the paucity of head-to-head drug comparisons and the need for long-term outcome studies. These guidelines serve as a resource to standardize migraine treatment and promote high-quality care across different healthcare settings.

Keywords: acute treatment; drugs; migraine treatment; pharmacological treatments; preventive treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article:R.O.: Consulting fees, Allergan-AbbVie, Eli Lilly. Honoraria: Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva. Support for attending meetings, Allergan-AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva. Participating, Allergan-AbbVie, Eli Lilly. Leadership, Jr. Editorial Board member J Headache Pain. Receipt of equipment, Novartis, Eli Lilly. Other financial or non-financial, Eli Lilly, Novartis, TevaV.C.: Honoraria, Teva. Support for attending meetings, TevaF.A.: Received honorarium to be on the ad board and lecturing from AbbVie, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, TEVA, Lundbeck. Leadership, Treasurer, IHS.H.M.A.-K.: Support for present manuscript, H.M.A.-K. reports personal fees from Pfizer, outside of the submitted work.A.A.: Honoraria, Speakers by Novartis, Teva, Eli-Lilly, Pfizer. Congress attendance supported by Teva. Leadership, Secretary for Italian Headache Society.S.A.: Consulting: Allergan/AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Impel NeuroPharma, Linpharma, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Satsuma, Teva, Theranica. Honoraria, Lectures presentations: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Teva, Pfizer, Lundbeck. Leadership: Associate Editor for Cephalalgia, BMC Neurology, Frontiers in Neurology, Headache and Pain Research, Neurology Reviews, and Trustee of the International Headache Society Board.C.B.: Honoraria, AbbVie. Support for meeting attendance, AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, LundbeckF.B.: Received honoraria for lectures, presentations from: Pfizer, Lilly, TEVA, Alnylam, AbbVie, Lundbeck, Alexion. Support for attending meetings, TEVA, Alnylam, Roche, Sanofi, Biogen, AbbVie, Alexion, Lundbeck, Lilly.P.C.: Received speaker honoraria from: AbbVie, Bayer Schering, Bial, Biogen-Dompè, Biogen-Idec, Eisai, Genzyme, Lundbeck, Lusofarmaco, Merck- Serono, Novartis, Prexton, Teva, UCB Pharma, Zambon. PC received support to attend national and international conferences from: AbbVie, Bayer Schering, Bial, Biogen-Dompè, Biogen-Idec, Eisai, Genzyme, Lundbeck, Lusofarmaco, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Prexton, Teva, UCB Pharma, Zambon. Participation on Advisory Board for Lilly. Participation in Data Safety, Roche, Therapy for Parkinson's Disease. PC is Past President of the Società Italiana per lo Studio delle Cefalee (SISC)S.C.: Honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events for Angelini, Teva, Novartis, AbbVie, Lundbeck, Pfizer. Support for attending meetings and/or travel by AbbVie, Lilly. Participation on Advisory Board for Lilly. Advisor of ANIRCEF. PI for trial of Lilly, Novartis, Teva, Lundbeck.S.C.: Headache Australia website medical reviewer. AbbVie to attend 2022 Australia New Zealand Neurologist Association ASM. ordinary committee member on the Australian New Zealand Headache Society- current.C.C.C.: Research support from the American Heart Association with funds paid to her institution. (Unrelated to this manuscript). Consulting, Satsuma, eNeura. Honoraria, HMP Global for migraine education lectures. Leadership, American Migraine Foundation Editorial Board.A.C.: Filed patents on novel uses of anti-CGRP biologics and gepants.R.H.C.: IHEAD support from IHS. Travel support from the Augustinus Foundation.M.K.C.: Honoraria, Allergan Korea, Handok-Teva, Eli Lilly and Company, and Yuyu Pharmaceutical Company.G.C.: Consulting fees, Pfizer, AbbVie. Honoraria, Pfizer, Lilly. Meeting support, TEVA, Lilly, Pfizer. Safety boards, Pfizer, AbbVie. Leadership, Trustee and co-chair of the membership committee for the International Headache Society, member of the board at large of the European Headache Federation, Secretary and member of the study center of the Italian Society for the Study of Headaches, member of the Special Interest Group on Brainstem of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.S.C.: Funding for travel, accommodation and congress registration provided by Pfizer.R.D.I.: Honoraria from Eli-Lilly; TEVA; Lundbeck. Funding support for meeting attendance, TEVA; Lundbeck. Advisory boards, Pfizer; AbbVie.M.D.T: Honoraria, presentations in national conferences supported by TEVA, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Lilly. Support from TEVA for EHF last meeting in Barcelona. Leadership, President Elected Italian Society for Headache study (SISC).C.D.L.: Consulting, Pfizer. Honoraria, Pfizer, Eli Lilly.V.D.S.: Support for travels for attending meetings from Alexion, Alnylam, Argenx. V.D.S. is member of Italian Society of Neurology (SIN), Italian Society for the Study of Headache (SISC), Italian Society of Peripheral Nervous System (ASNP), Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (SINC). V.D.S. received compensation for speaking from Alexion, and Alnylam; he is Sub-Investigator in clinical trials for Alexion, Alnylam, Argenx, Dianthus, and Sanofi.H.-C.D.: Grants from German Research Council. Honoraria, Lundbeck, Novartis, Teva. Leadership, Clinical trials committee of the IHS NorHead Norway.E.E.: Received honoraria for the preparation of educational materials from Allergan-AbbVie.V.F.: Grants from AbbVie, Eli-Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer and Teva. Consulting fees from AbbVie, Eli-Lilly and Teva. Honoraria from Eli-Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer and Teva. Support for attending meetings, AbbVie and Teva. Advisory board, AbbVie.P.G.: European Research Council - Advanced grant € 2,185,921; European research Council - Proof of Concept grant € 150,000; Royalties for books of the series Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, Springer. Compensations varied between € 300 to 2100 per year; Pfizer; Eli Lilly; AbbVie; Lundbeck; Allergan; TEVA; Novartis: compensations varied between € 800 and € 4500. Recipient of 3 Patents (102021000015095, 102021000015098, 102021000029894) own by FloNext Srl. Current value € 0. President, Italian Society for the Study of Headache. Compensation € 0. Founder and shareholder of the Academic Spinoff (University of Florence) FloNext Srl; Current value € 0.M.T.G.: Independent Medical Education Grant from Pfizer. Speaker or advisory board from, Teva, AbbVie, Pfizer. Support for attending meetings AbbVie, Pfizer.A.G.: Lectures supported by Lilly, TEVA, Novartis, AbbVie. Educational meeting supported by Lilly, TEVA, AbbVie.F.G.: Honoraria from Lundbeck and Pfizer. Leadership, President of the Italian Society for the Study of Headaches (SISC).S.G.: Consulting fees, AbbVie, Lilly, Angelini, Pfizer, Lundbeck. Honoraria, AbbVie, Lilly, Angelini, Pfizer, Lundbeck. Meeting attendance, AbbVie, Lilly, Pfizer, Lundbeck. Advisory boards, AbbVie, Lilly, Angelini, Pfizer, Lundbeck,W.-S.H.: Lecture on online education program for nursing patients with epilepsy in request of Korean Nurse association (2024-01-17).A.H.: Consulting fees, Novartis, Sanofi Genzyme, Biologix, Merck, Hikma Pharma, Janssen, Inspire Pharma, Future Pharma, Elixir pharma. Honoraria for lectures/ presentations: Novartis, Allergan, Merck, Biologix, Janssen, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, Hikma Pharma, Al Andalus, Chemipharm, Lundbeck, Inspire Pharma, Future Pharma and Habib Scientific Office, and Everpharma. Support for attending meetings, congresses, symposia and/or travel: Novartis, Allergan, Merck, Biologix, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, Hikma Pharma, Chemipharm, and Al Andalus and Clavita pharm. Advisory boards, Clavita pharm Advisory board: Novartis, Sanofi Genzyme, Biologix, Merck, Hikma Pharma, Janssen, Inspire Pharma, Future Pharma, Elixir pharma. Leadership, Member of Education committee of IHS Member of Membership committee of IHS Member of regional societies committee of IHS Vice President of MENAA headache society Secretary General of headache chapter of Egyptian society of Neurology.K.H.: Consulting, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Honoraria, Amgen Astellas BioPharma K.K., Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited, Eisai Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., MSD Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc. Support for meeting attendance, Amgen Astellas BioPharma K.K., Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited, Eisai Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., MSD Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc. Advisory boards, Amgen Astellas BioPharma K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., MSD Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Leadership, Japan Patient Advocacy CoalitionJ.H.: In the past 36 months I held or still hold research grants from the following entities (unrelated to this manuscript): Bristol Myers Squibb Migraine Trust International Headache Society National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Medical Research Council (MRC). Consulting and/or advisory boards for AbbVie, Cannovex, Chordate Medical, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Sanofi, Teva. Lectures/speaking/educational events: Chordate Medical, MD-Horizonte, Lundbeck, Teva. Manuscript writing/associate editor work: NEJM Journal Watch, Oxford University Press, Quintessence Publishing, Sage Publishing, Springer Healthcare. Data Monitoring Committee: Chordate Medical. Advisory Board: AbbVie, Chordate Medical, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Teva.Board of Trustees of the International Headache Society. Council Member and Treasurer of the British Association for the Study of Headache. Associate Editor for Cephalalgia, Cephalalgia Reports, J Headache Pain, Frontiers in Pain Research, Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache. Stock options for Chordate Medical.L.F.I.: IHS junior grant. Consulting fees, Eli-Lilly, AbbVie. Honoraria, Eli-Lilly, AbbVie, Pfizer, TEVA. Meeting attendance support, TEVA, Lundbeck.B.J.: Honoraria, Allergan/AbbVie, Eli Lilly, GPCE, HealthEd, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Teva. Leadership, President of the Australian and New Zealand Headache Society.A.L.H.: Grants, ALR was supported by a fellowship from the Migraine Trust.M.L.: Royalties, Oxford University Press $600. Advisory boards $6000. Expert testimony, $5000. Bd of Directors Headache Cooperative of the Pacific Unpaid.E.M.: Honoraria, AbbVie, Elli-Lilly, TEVA, Pfizer, Lundbeck. Meeting attendance support, AbbVie, Elli-Lilly, TEVA, Pfizer, LundbeckD.M.: LSC LifeSciences Consultants. Honoraria, AbbVie, Lundbeck.T.S.M.: Grants from AbbVie, Amgen Site PI: Rehaler, AbbVie, Eli Lilly. Consulting fees, Pfizer, AbbVie, Merz. Honoraria, Medscape, American Headache Society, American Academy of Neurology. Novartis, Massachusetts Medical Society. Advisory boards, Teva, Pfizer, AbbVie, eNeura, LinPharma. Leadership: IHS Board of Trustee, Florida Society of Neurology, American Headache Society, American Academy of Neurology, American Neurological Association, Editorial Boards: Cephalalgia, Neurology, Brain and Life Magazine, American Migraine Foundation, Continuum Audio.A.Ö.: Consulting fees, AbbVie, Drogsan, ABdi İbrahim. Honoraria, AbbVie, Drogsan, ABdi İbrahim. President of Global Migraine and Pain Society, President of Mersin Alzheimer Society, Board member of IHS.M.F.P.P.: Consulting fees, AbbVie, Pfizer, Lundbeck, Eurofarma, Libbs, Teva, Lilly. Honoraria, AbbVie, Pfizer, Lundbeck, Eurofarma, Libbs, Teva, Lilly. Patents, BR 10 2020 020706-7 US 11,826,177 B2. Advisory boards, AbbVie, Pfizer, Lundbeck, Eurofarma, Teva. Leadership, IHS, ABRACES.M.N.P.S.: Honoraria, Libbs, TEVA, Pfizer, Allergan/AbbVie, Lundbeck. Funding for traveling to the IHC 2023, by TEVA. Advisory boards, Pfizer, TEVA, Libbs.P.P.-R.: Her research group has received research grants from AbbVie, Novartis and Teva; as well as, Instituto Salud Carlos III, EraNet Neuron, European Regional Development Fund (001-P-001682) under the framework of the FEDER Operative Programme for Catalunya 2014-2020 - RIS3CAT; has received funding for clinical trials from AbbVie, Amgen, Biohaven, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Teva. Received, in the last 36 months, honoraria as a consultant for: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Medscape, Novartis, Pfizer and Teva. Received, in the last three years, honoraria as a speaker for: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer and Teva. Norwegian Clinical Trial driven by the investigator. She is the Honorary Secretary of the International Headache Society. She is on the editorial board of Revista de Neurologia. She is an associate editor for Cephalalgia, Headache, Neurologia, The Journal of Headache and Pain and Frontiers of Neurology. She is a member of the Clinical Trials Guidelines Committee of the International Headache Society. She has edited the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Headache of the Spanish Neurological Society.M.P.P.: Consulting fees, Pfizer, Teva. Honoraria, AbbVie, Allergan, Eli-Lilly, Idorsia, Italfarmaco, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Teva, Valeas. Meeting attendance support, Idorsia, Lilly, Lundbeck, Teva. Advisory boards, Allergan, Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Teva. Leadership, Italian Society for the Study of Headache (SISC), Italian Society of Neurology,I.R.: Honoraria, Pfizer, Eli Lilly Italy, Teva. Support for meeting attendance, AbbVie. Advisory board, Pfizer,V.R.: Ukrainian Headache Research Society, PresidentA.R.: Honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events (in past 36 months) from Ely-Lilly, AbbVie, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer. Support for attending meetings and/or travel (past 36 months) from Ely-Lilly, AbbVie, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer. Participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board (past 36 months) from Ely-Lilly, AbbVie, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer. Member of executive board of the Italian Headache Society (S.I.S.C.)G.S.: Royalties, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Teva, Lundbeck, Pfizer. Consulting, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Teva, Lundbeck, Pfizer. Honoraria, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer. Expert testimony, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Teva, Lundbeck, Pfizer. Stock options, Eli Lilly, Pfizer.P.S.: Presentation and moderations for Eli-Lilly and Lundbeck. Annual congress of SISC and for Florence Symposium on CGRP (2022, 2023). Leadership, Didactic Leader for High School of Headache of SISC Italian society.T.J.S.: American Heart Association, American Migraine Foundation, Amgen, Henry Jackson Foundation, Mayo Clinic, National Headache Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Pfizer, Spark Neuro, United States Department of Defense. Royalties licenses, AbbVie, Allergan, Amgen, Axsome, Biodelivery Science, Biohaven, Click Therapeutics, Collegium, Eli Lilly, Ipsen, Linpharma, Lundbeck, Novartis, Satsuma, Scilex, Theranica, Tonix. Support for meeting attendance, Speech analyses for predicting migraine attacks. Predicting recovery patterns for TBI. Methods and processes for treatment migraine and post-traumatic headache. Patents, Investigator-initiated medication overuse headache clinical trial. Leadership, American Headache Society American Migraine Foundation. Stock Options: Aural Analytics, NociraM.S.: Speaker honoraria from Novartis, Pfizer, Allergan, Teva and Lilly.C.T.: For this manuscript, Institutional fees for conducting clinical trials for AbbVie, Dompé, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. Consulting fees, AbbVie, Dompé, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. Patents, AbbVie, Dompé, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals.A.T.: Received honoraria for lectures and speakers bureaus from AbbVie, Everpharma, Bial, Lusofarmaco, Zambon. Expert testimony, A.T. received support from Bial, AbbVie, Zambon. A.T. serves as associate Editor for the European Journal of Neurology.M.T.: received support from the European Headache Federation for accommodation and travel tickets to attend EHC 2022 as a scientific committee member. M.T. is the president of the Iranian Headache Association.G.V.: Honoraria from Lundbeck. Expert testimony, Teva and Lundbeck.S.J.W: For this manuscript received research grants from the National Council of Technology and Science of Taiwan, Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan Headache Society and Taiwan branches of Eli Lilly and Novartis. Received honoraria as a moderator from AbbVie, Pfizer and Biogen. Served on the advisory boards of Taiwan Pfizer, AbbVie, Hava-Biopharma.M.A.: For this manuscript, Institutional grants from Lundbeck Foundation, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Lundbeck, and Novartis. In the past 24 months, MA has received personal compensation for consulting with AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. Associate Editor of The Journal of Headache and Pain, Associate Editor of Brain.S.S.: For this manuscript, Novartis, Uriach. Royalties, Abbott, Allergan-AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boheringer, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Teva. Consulting fees, Abbott, Allergan-AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boheringer, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, MedScape, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Teva. Expert testimony, Abbott, Allergan-AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boheringer, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Pfizer, Teva, Bayer, Medtronic, Starmed, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Daiichi-Sankyo. Patents, Allergan-AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva. Leadership, President-elect European Stroke Organization, Editor-in-Chief Cephalalgia and Cephalalgia Reports, assistant editor for Stroke.A.B., F.C., I.C., A.F., K.N.G., E.-M.H., M.H., A.Laporta, A.Lupica, I.O., L.-L.H.P., L.L.P., S.Q., M.R., D.B.S. have no conflict of interest to disclose

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Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of migraine, summary version

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Evidence-based guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of migraine, summary version

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