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. 2025 Mar 27;18(4):481.
doi: 10.3390/ph18040481.

Development and Validation of an HPLC-PDA Method for Quality Control of Jwagwieum, an Herbal Medicine Prescription: Simultaneous Analysis of Nine Marker Compounds

Chang-Seob Seo  1 , Jeeyoun Jung  1 , Sarah Shin  1
Affiliations

Development and Validation of an HPLC-PDA Method for Quality Control of Jwagwieum, an Herbal Medicine Prescription: Simultaneous Analysis of Nine Marker Compounds

Chang-Seob Seo et al. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). .

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Jwagwieum (or Joa-Gui Em; JGE) consists of six herbal medicines, Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC., Dioscorea japonica Thunb., Lycium chinense Mill., Cornus officinalis Siebold & Zucc., Poria cocos Wolf, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., and has been widely used to treat kidney-yin deficiency syndrome. In the present study, a high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) method for the simultaneous quantification of the nine components, i.e., gallic acid, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, morroniside, loganin, liquiritin apioside, liquiritin, ononin, glycyrrhizin, and allantoin, was developed. Methods: The developed HPLC-PDA assay for quality control of JGE was validated with respect to linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery, and precision. Results: In the regression equation of the calibration curve, the coefficient of determination was ≥0.9980, and LOD and LOQ were 0.003-0.071 μg/mL and 0.010-0.216 μg/mL, respectively. Recovery and precision (relative standard deviation) were 96.36-106.95% and <1.20%, respectively. In this analytical method, nine compounds were detected at concentrations of 0.15-3.69 mg/lyophilized gram. Conclusions: The developed and validated analytical method could be used to obtain basic data for the quality control of JGE and related herbal prescriptions.

Keywords: HPLC–PDA; Joa-Gui Em; Jwagwieum; quality control; simultaneous analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
High-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC–PDA) chromatograms of a mixed standard (A) and Jwagwieum (JGE) sample (B) solutions. Gallic acid (1), 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (2), morroniside (3), loganin (4), liquiritin apioside (5), liquiritin (6), ononin (7), and glycyrrhizin (8). The concentration of each component in the measured standard solution is 10.00 μg/mL for 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, morroniside, and loganin; 20.00 μg/mL for gallic acid, liquiritin apioside, liquiritin, and ononin; and 100.00 μg/mL for glycyrrhizin.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chromatograms of allantoin standard compound (A) and JGE sample (B) recorded by HPLC–PDA at 210 nm.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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