Evaluating the Impact of Cervical Stabilisation Exercises on Chronic Neck Pain: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Chronic neck pain (CNP) significantly impacts individuals' quality of life and functional capacity. Cervical stabilisation exercises (CSEs), targeting deep cervical muscles and improving postural alignment, have emerged as a promising intervention. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of CSEs in managing CNP.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of CSEs in alleviating pain, improving function, and enhancing quality of life in individuals with CNP.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed across PubMed, Scopus, and the PEDro. Eligible studies included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published within the past 10 years. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale.

Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, with most rated as moderate to high quality. Findings demonstrated that CSEs significantly reduce pain (as measured by VAS and NRS), improve functional capacity (e.g., Neck Disability Index), and correct postural abnormalities such as forward head posture. Multimodal interventions combining CSEs with manual therapy, thermotherapy, or dynamic exercises yielded superior outcomes compared with CSEs alone. Intervention duration of 6-8 weeks was most effective. Variability in outcomes was attributed to differences in population characteristics and methodological quality.

Conclusion: CSEs are an effective, evidence-based intervention for managing CNP. Tailored programs, particularly those integrating multimodal approaches, enhance therapeutic outcomes. Future research should focus on long-term effects and subpopulation-specific benefits to optimise clinical implementation.

Keywords: cervical stabilization exercises; chronic neck pain; pain management; physiotherapy; postural correction; systematic review.