Value analysis of serum β -HCG, AMH, and P/E2 for predicting freeze-thaw embryo transfer outcomes in patients with thin endometrium

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the value of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), progesterone (P)/ estradiol (E₂) in predicting the pregnancy outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycle in patients with low profile endometrium.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 120 patients with low-profile endometrium who received FET therapy in the reproductive center of Maternity & Child Care Center of Qinhuangdao from October 2019 to February 2023 were included. Serum β-HCG, AMH, and P/E₂ levels were measured on the day of FET transplantation. After 30 days they were divided into pregnancy group and non-pregnancy group according to whether they were pregnant. The risk factors affecting the cycle pregnancy rate of FET were analyzed. The values of β-HCG, AMH, P/E₂ and the combination of the three in predicting the periodic pregnancy rate of FET in patients were analyzed.

Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that age (≥35 years), type of infertility (primary infertility), transplanted fetus, moderate and severe intrauterine adhesions and P, P/E₂ levels were risk factors for the periodic pregnancy rate of FET (OR > 1, P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of serum β-HCG, AMH, P/E₂ and their combination to predict the pregnancy rate of FET cycle in patients with thin endometrium was 0.83(95%CI:0.741-0.910), 0.86(95%CI:0.788-0.922), 0.75(95%CI:0.662-0.838), and 0.88(95%CI:0.807-0.947).

Conclusion: Serum β-HCG, AMH, and P/E₂ are closely related to the cycle pregnancy rate of FET in patients with thin endometrium. Therefore, dynamic monitoring of the changes of three indicators should be conducted clinically.

Keywords: AMH; Frozen-thawed embryo transplantation; P/E2; Pregnancy; Thin endometrium; β-HCG.

Fig.1

ROC of serum β-HCG, AMH, P/E₂ for predicting pregnancy outcome.