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Review
. 2025 Mar-Apr;122(2):138-144.

A Comprehensive Review of Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Parasomnias

Meet S Parikh  1 , Mahesh M Thakkar  2 , Tejas R Mehta  3
Affiliations
Review

A Comprehensive Review of Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) Parasomnias

Meet S Parikh et al. Mo Med. 2025 Mar-Apr.

Abstract

NREM (Non-Rapid Eye Movement) sleep is necessary for normal physical and intellectual performance and behavior. NREM parasomnias are defined as conditions where different symptomologies are associated with various behaviors happening during NREM sleep. Moreover, the underlying mechanism and proper treatment of the various conditions are yet to be explored in the realm of NREM parasomnias. In this review article, we summarize the fundamental mechanisms underlying the NREM sleep parasomnias as well as portray an algorithm to treat those conditions. We also briefly discuss important studies associated with NREM parasomnias and their related advancements in the treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: The financial assistance provided by the Veterans Administration (through the Merit Research Award; I01BX002661 and I01BX006240-0), National Institute of Health (through the RO1 grant; AA028175-01), and MU Research Council (URC-22-006) is gratefully acknowledged. No financial disclosures reported. Artificial intelligence was not used in the study, research, preparation, or writing of this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Therapeutic and non-therapeutic management of NREM Parasomnias
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