Pulmonary Amebiasis Leading to Multicystic Empyema

Abstract

Pulmonary amebiasis is a rare but serious condition that can lead to multicystic empyema. Early recognition and prompt treatment with surgical intervention and metronidazole are crucial. This case highlights the importance of considering amebiasis in endemic regions when evaluating pleural infections, even in the absence of liver involvement.

Keywords: amebiasis; empyema; multicystic; pulmonary infection.

FIGURE 1

CT scan chest shows a left‐sided pleural effusion with atelectasis of the left upper and lower lobes. Multiple gas bubbles with air‐fluid levels are seen in this loculated effusion, representing an empyema. There is a mediastinal shift to the left side.

FIGURE 2

Post‐operative chest X‐ray shows interval resolution of the empyema. Post‐decortication surgical clips and a chest tube are noted in the left hemithorax.

FIGURE 3

Light microscopic examination of pleural fluid showing Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites with ingested red blood cells, surrounded by inflammatory cells and necrotic debris (H&E stain, high‐power view). These findings confirm amebic pleural infection, consistent with pulmonary amebiasis leading to multicystic empyema.