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. 2025;20(1):64-76.
doi: 10.2174/0127724344309438240529064221.

An In vitro Study on the Antibacterial Effect of a Combined Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapy Using IR780 Iodide-loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Against P. aeruginosa and Multi-Drug Resistant P. aeruginosa

Heba Z Alagha  1 , Murat Gülsoy  1
Affiliations

An In vitro Study on the Antibacterial Effect of a Combined Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapy Using IR780 Iodide-loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Against P. aeruginosa and Multi-Drug Resistant P. aeruginosa

Heba Z Alagha et al. Recent Adv Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2025.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial photodynamic, sonodynamic, and combined photodynamic and sonodynamic potentials of IR780 iodide loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles against gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and multi drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR P. aeruginosa).

Methods: IR780 iodide loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles were synthesized, and their antimicrobial photodynamic and sonodynamic potentials against one P. aeruginosa strain, and one MDR P. aeruginosa strain were investigated. Laser irradiation was achieved via a 785 nm diode laser (500 mW/cm2, 5 min). Ultrasound irradiation was achieved via a 1-MHz ultrasound unit (1.5 W/cm2, 50% duty cycle, 3 min). Viable bacterial cells were counted by serial dilution method. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p ≤ 0.05).

Results: The results revealed that for P. aeruginosa, the combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) showed a 44% reduction in bacterial cell viability as compared to 18% and 31% when exposed to SDT alone and PDT alone, respectively. For MDR. P. aeruginosa, the combined treatment resulted in a 45% reduction in bacterial cell viability, as compared to 14% and 30% when exposed to SDT alone and PDT alone, respectively. The killing effect was mainly due to the photodynamic and sonodynamic effects of the nanoparticles, mainly caused by singlet oxygen. No photothermal effect was involved in the killing.

Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that IR780 iodide-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles have the potential to be utilized as photo/sono therapeutic agents for the inactivation of drug-resistant bacteria.

Keywords: IR780 iodide; MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; antimicrobial resistance; mesoporous silica nanoparticles; photodynamic therapy; sonodynamic therapy..

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