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. 2025 May 1;76(5):534.
doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.20250090.

Reply to Swartz

Paul S Appelbaum  1
Affiliations

Reply to Swartz

Paul S Appelbaum. Psychiatr Serv. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Electroconvulsive therapy; Law and psychiatry; Manufacturer liability.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author reports no financial relationships with commercial interests.

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