Managing right ventricular failure in the setting of pulmonary embolism

Abstract

Pulmonary embolism (PE) has a significant impact on right-sided heart function. Clinical presentation can range from no involvement of the right ventricle to right ventricular dysfunction, cardiogenic shock, and even cardiac arrest. The authors explore the pathophysiology of PE-induced right ventricular failure, emphasizing the mechanisms by which PE contributes to dysfunction, current diagnostic tools for risk stratification, and the importance of timely diagnosis. The primary focus is on strategies for managing right ventricular failure secondary to PE, including medical, percutaneous interventional, and surgical options. Recent advances in the field are also noted, including emerging therapies and evolving treatment algorithms.